Alkene And Alkyne
Points to remember in Alkene & Alkyne
Characteristic Reaction
Electrophilic Addition Reaction
PYQ-2024-Hydrocarbons-Q15, PYQ-2024-Alcohol-Q5
Mechanism
Step 1 : Attack of the electrophile on $\pi$ bond forms a carbocation.
Step 2 : Attack by a nucleophile gives the product of addition.
e.g. (i) Addition of water
(ii) Addition of hydrogen halides (where $\mathrm{HX}=\mathrm{HCl}, \mathrm{HBr}, \mathrm{HI}$ )
When electrophiles are: $\mathrm{Cl}^{+}, \mathrm{Br}^{+}, \mathrm{I}^{+}, \mathrm{NO}_{2}^{+}$ or $\mathrm{Hg}^{2+}$ then stereochemistry is important and major product is formed by anti-addition.
Markovnikov and AntiMarkovnikov Addtion
PYQ-2024-Hydrocarbons-Q6, PYQ-2024-Hydrocarbons-Q17, PYQ-2024-Hydrocarbons-Q9, PYQ-2024-Amines-Q2,
