Madhya Pradesh Board


PHYSICS-XI

UNIT I: PHYSICAL WORLD AND MEASUREMENT

Physical World
  • Physics-scope and excitement;
  • nature of physical laws;
  • Physics, technology and society.
Units and Measurements

UNIT II: KINEMATICS

Motion in a Straight Line
Motion in a Plane

UNIT III: LAWS OF MOTION

Laws of Motion

UNIT IV: WORK, ENERGY AND POWER

Work, Engery and Power

UNIT V: MOTION OF SYSTEM OF PARTICLES AND RIGID BODY

System of Particles and Rotational Motion

UNIT VI: GRAVITATION

Gravitation

UNIT VII: PROPERTIES OF BULK MATTER

Mechanical Properties of Solids
Mechanical Properties of Fluids
  • Stokes’ law.
  • terminal velocity,
  • turbulent flow.critical velocity
  • excess of pressure across a curved surface,
Thermal Properties of Matter

UNIT VIII: THERMODYNAMICS

Thermodynamics
  • zeroth law of thermodynamics,
  • The first law of thermodynamics,
  • isothermal and adiabatic processes.

UNIT IX: BEHAVIOUR OF PERFECT GASES AND KINETIC THEORY OF GASES

Kinetic Theory
  • RMS speed of gas molecules:

UNIT X: OSCILLATIONS AND WAVES

Oscillations
  • Kinetic and potential energies;
Waves

PHYSICS-XII

UNIT I: ELECTROSTATICS

Electric Charges and Fields
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
  • Torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field.

UNIT II: CURRENT ELECTRICITY

Current Electricity

UNIT III: MAGNETIC EFFECTS OF CURRENT AND MAGNETISM

Moving Charges and Magnetism
Magnetism and Matter
  • Electromagnets and factors affecting their strengths, permanent magnets.

UNIT IV: ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION AND ALTERNATING CURRENTS

Electromagnetic Induction
Alternating Current
  • wattless current.

UNIT V: ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

Electromagnetic Waves

UNIT VI: OPTICS

Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
Wave Optics
  • Brewster’s law,

UNIT VII: DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND MATTER

Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
  • Hertz and Lenard’s observations;
  • Davisson-Germer experiment (experimental details should be omitted; only conclusion should be explained).

UNIT VIII: ATOMS AND NUCLEI

Atoms
Nuclei

UNIT IX: ELECTRONIC DEVICES

Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits
  • the photodiode, solar cell, and Zener diode; Zener diode as a voltage regulator.,
  • Junction transistor
  • transistor action
  • Characteristics of transistor
  • transistor as an amplifier (CE configuration)
  • basic idea of analog and digital signals,
  • Logic gates (OR. AND. NOT. NAND and NOR).

CHEMISTRY-XI

UNIT I: SOME BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY

  • molecule, element, and compound: Laws of chemical combination; atomic and molecular masses; mole concept; molar mass; percentage composition; empirical and molecular formulae; chemical equations and stoichiometry.

UNIT II: STRUCTURE OF ATOM

  • Discovery of Electron, Proton and Neutron, atomic number, isotopes and isobars.
  • Thomson’s model and its limitations. Rutherford’s model and its limitations, Bohr’s model and its limitations,

UNIT III: CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS AND PERIODICITY IN PROPERTIES

  • Significance of classification,

UNIT IV: CHEMICAL BONDING AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE

  • factors affecting the formation of ionic bonds; calculation of lattice enthalpy.
  • concept of electronegativity. Fajan’s rule, dipole moment:
  • Hydrogen bonding and its application

UNIT V: STATES OF MATTER : GASES AND LIQUIDS

  • Three states of matter
  • intermolecular interactions
  • types of bonding
  • melting and boiling points
  • role of gas laws in elucidating the concept of the molecule
  • Boyle’s law
  • Charles law
  • Gay Lussac’s law
  • Avogadro’s law
  • ideal behaviour
  • empirical derivation of gas equation
  • Avogadro’s number
  • ideal gas equation. Deviation from ideal behaviour liquefaction of gases
  • critical temperature
  • kinetic energy and molecular speeds (elementary idea) Liquid State vapour pressure
  • viscosity and surface tension (qualitative idea only, no mathematical derivations).

UNIT VI: CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS

UNIT VII: EQUILIBRIUM

  • Henry’s law.

UNIT VIII: REDOX REACTIONS

UNIT IX: HYDROGEN

  • Position of hydrogen in periodic table, occurrence, isotopes, preparation,
  • properties and uses of hydrogen,
  • hydrides-ionic covalent and interstitial;
  • physical and chemical properties of water, heavy water,
  • hydrogen peroxid-e-preparation,
  • reactions and structure and use; hydrogen as a fuel.

UNIT X: s-BLOCK ELEMENTS (ALKALI AND ALKALINE EARTH METALS)

  • Group 1 and Group 2 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, anomalous,
  • properties of the first element of each group,
  • diagonal relationship,
  • trends in the variation of properties (such as ionization enthalpy, atomic and ionic radii),
  • trends in chemical reactivity with oxygen and halogens, uses.
  • Preparation and Properties of Some Important Compounds : Sodium Carbonate, Sodium Chloride, Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium Hydrogencarbonate,
  • Biological importance of Sodium and Potassium.
  • Calcium Oxide and Calcium Carbonate and their industrial uses, biological importance of Magnesium and Calcium.

UNIT XI: SOME p- BLOCK ELEMENTS

  • General Introduction to p- Block Elements Group 13 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical reactivity, anomalous properties of first element of the group,
  • Boron - physical and chemical properties, some important compounds, Borax, Boric acid, Boron Hydrides, Alumunium : Reactions with acids and alkalies, uses.
  • Group 14 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical reactivity, anomalous behaviour of first elements.
  • Carbon-catenation, allotropic forms, physical and chemical properties; uses of some important compounds: oxides.
  • Important compounds of Silicon and a few use: Silicon Tetrachloride, Silicones, Silicates and Zeolites, their uses.

UNIT XII: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY: SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES

UNIT XIII: HYDROCARBONS

UNIT XIV: ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY

  • Environmental pollution - air, water and soil pollution,
  • chemical reactions in atmosphere
  • smog
  • major atmospheric pollutants
  • acid rain
  • ozone and its reactions
  • effects of depletion of ozone layer
  • greenhouse effect and global warming-pollution due to industrial wastes
  • green chemistry as an alternative tool for reducing pollution
  • strategies for control of environmental pollution.

CHEMISTRY-XII

UNIT I: SOLID STATE

  • Classification of solids based on different binding forces: molecular, ionic, covalent and metallic solids, amorphous and crystalline solids (elementary idea)
  • Unit cell in two dimensional and three dimensional lattices, calculation of density of unit cell, packing in solids, packing efficiency, voids, number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, point defects, electrical and magnetic properties
  • Band theory of metals, conductors, semiconductors and insulators and n & p type semiconductors.

UNIT II: SOLUTIONS

  • Different methods for expressing the concentration of solution - molality, molarity, mole fraction, percentage (by volume and mass both),
  • van’t Hoff factor and its significance.

UNIT III: ELECTROCHEMISTRY

UNIT IV: CHEMICAL KINETICS

  • collision theory of bimolecular gaseous reactions (no derivation).

UNIT V: SURFACE CHEMISTRY

  • Adsorption - physisorption and chemisorption,
  • factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids, catalysts,
  • homogenous and heterogenous activity and selectivity;
  • enzyme catalysts colloidal state distinction between true solutions,colloids and suspension;
  • lyophilic, lyophobic multimolecular and macromolecular colloids;
  • properties of colloids; Tyndall effect, Brownian movement, electrophoresis, coagulation,
  • emulsion - types of emulsions

UNIT VI: GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES OF ISOLATION OF ELEMENTS

  • Principles and methods of extraction - concentration, oxidation,
  • reduction - electrolytic method and refining; occurrence and principles of extractionof aluminium, copper, zinc and iron.

UNIT VII: p - BLOCK ELEMENTS

  • Group15 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, oxidation states,
  • trends in physical and chemical properties
  • nitrogen preparation properties & uses
  • compounds of nitrogen, preparation and properties of ammonia and nitric acid,
  • oxides of nitrogen (Structure only);
  • Phosphorus - allotropic forms,
  • compounds of phosphorus: preparation and properties of phosphine,
  • halides PCl3 , PCl5 and oxoacids (elementary idea only).
  • Group 16 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties,
  • dioxygen: Preparation, Properties and uses,
  • classification of oxides, Ozone, Sulphur 0 allotropic forms;
  • compounds of sulphur: Preparation properties and uses of sulphur - dioxide,
  • sulphuric acid: industrial process of manufacture, properties and uses; oxoacids of sulphur (Structures only)
  • Group 17 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states, occurrence,
  • trends in physical and chemical properties; compounds of halogens,
  • Preparation properties and uses of chlorine and hydrochloric acid,interhalogen compounds, oxoacids of halogens (structure only)
  • Group 18 Elements: General introduction,electronic configuration, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties, uses.

UNIT VIII: d - and f- BLOCK ELEMENTS

  • complex formation, interstitial compounds, alloy formation;
  • Preparation, properties, and uses of K2CrO7, and KMnO4
  • Lanthanoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid contraction and its consequences.
  • Actinoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid contraction and its consequences.
  • Actinoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lathanoids.

UNIT IX: COORDINATION COMPOUNDS

UNIT X: HALOALKANES AND HALOARENES

UNIT XI: ALCOHOLS, PHENOLS AND ETHERS

  • General methods of preparation, properties, reactions, and uses

UNIT XII: ALDEHYDES, KETONES AND CARBOXYLIC ACIDS

  • General methods of preparation, properties, reactions, and uses

UNIT XIII: ORGANIC COMPUNDS CONTAINING NITROGEN

  • General methods of preparation. Properties, reactions, and uses.
  • Cyanide and Isocyanides-will be mentioned at relevant places in context

UNIT XIV: BIOMOLECULES

  • denaturation of proteins,
  • Hormones-Elementary idea excluding structure
  • Hormones (General introduction)

UNIT XV: POLYMERS

  • Classification-Natural and synthetic methods of polymerization(addition and condensation)co polymerization,
  • some important polymers,
  • natural and synthetic like polythene, nylon, polyester, bakelite, rubber,
  • Biodegradable and non-biodegradable polymers.

UNIT XVI: CHEMISTRY IN EVERYDAY LIFE

  • Chemical in Medicines- Angesics, traqulizers antiseptics, disinfectants, antimicrobials, antifertility, drugs, antibiotics, antacids, antihistamines.
  • Chemical in food-Preservations, artificial sweetening agents, elementary idea of antioxidants Clensing agents-Soap and detergents, cleansing action.

MATH-XI

UNIT I: SETS AND FUNCTIONS

Sets
Relations & Functions
  • Ordered pairs.
  • Cartesian product of sets.
  • Number of elements in the Cartesian product of two finite sets.
  • Cartesian product of the set of reals with itself (upto R x R x R).
  • Definition of relation, pictorial diagrams, domain, co-domain and range of a relation
  • Function as a special type of relation
  • Pictorial representation of a function, domain, co-domain and range of a function
  • Real valued functions, domain and range of these functions, constant, identity, polynomial, rational, modulus, signum, exponential, logarithmic and greatest integer functions, with their graphs
  • Sum, difference, product and quotients of functions.
Trigonometric Functions
  • Positive and negative angles
  • Measuring angles in radians and in degrees and conversion from one measure to another
  • Definition of trigonometric functions with the help of unit circle
  • Truth of the identity sin 2x + cos 2x = 1 , for all x
  • Signs of trigonometric functions
  • Domain and range of trigonometric functions and their graphs
  • Expressing sin (x±y) and cos (x±y) in terms of sin x , sin y ,cos x & cos y and their simple applications. Deducing identities like the following: tan(x ± y) = tan x ± tan y / 1 ± tan x tan y , cot(x ± y) = cot x cot y ± 1 / cot y ± cot x sin α ± sin β = 2sin(½(α ± β))cos(½(α ∓ β)) cos α + cos β = 2cos(½(α + β))cos(½(α − β)) cos α − cos β = −2sin(½(α + β))sin(½(α − β)) Identities related to sin 2x , cos 2x ,tan 2x ,sin 3x ,cos 3x and tan 3x .
  • General solution of trigonometric equations of the type sin y = sin a , cos y = cos a and tan y = tan a.

UNIT II: ALGEBRA

Principle of Mathematical Induction
  • Process of the proof by induction, motivating the application of the method by looking at natural numbers as the least inductive subset of real numbers.
  • The principle of mathematical induction and simple applications.
Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations
Linear Inequalities
  • Linear inequalities.Algebraic solutions of linear inequalities in one variable and their representation on the number line.
  • Graphical solution of linear inequalities in two variables.Graphical method of finding a solution of system of linear inequalities in two variables.
Permutations and Combinations
Binomial Theorem
  • general term and middle term
Sequence and Series

UNIT-III: COORDINATE GEOMETRY

Straight Lines
  • intersection of lines
Conic Sections
Introduction to Three-dimensional Geometry

UNIT-IV: CALCULUS

Limits and Derivatives
  • algebra of functions, rational

UNIT-V: MATHEMATICAL REASONING

  • Mathematically acceptable statements.
  • Connecting words/phrases-consolidating the understanding of “if and only if (necessary and sufficient) condition,” “implies”, “and/ or”, “implied by”, “and”, “or”, “there exists” and their use through variety of examples related to real life and Mathematics.
  • Validating the statements involving the connecting words, difference between contradiction, converse and contrapositive,

UNIT-VI: STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY

Statistics
  • Analysis of frequency distributions with equal means but different variances.
Probability

MATH-XII

UNIT I: RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

Relations and Function:
  • inverse of a function, Binary operations.
Inverse Trigonometrical Functions:
  • Definition, range, domain, principal value branches.
  • Graphs of inverse trigonometric functions.

UNIT II: ALGEBRA

Matrices:
  • Concept, notation, order, equality, types of matrices, zero matrix, transpose of a matrix, symmetric and skew symmetric matrices.
  • Addition, multiplication and scalar multiplication of matrices, simple properties of addition, multiplication and scalar multiplication.
  • Non-commutativity of multiplication of matrices and existence of non-zero matrices whose product is the zero matrix (restrict to square matrices of order 2).
  • Concept of elementary row and column operations. Invertible matrices and proof of the uniqueness of inverse, if it exists; (Here all matrices will have real entries).
Determinants:
  • Determinant of a square matrix (up to 3 x 3 matrices), properties of determinants, minors, cofactors and applications of determinants in finding the area of a triangle.
  • Adjoint and inverse of a square matrix
  • Consistency, inconsistency and number of solutions of system of linear equations by examples, solving system of linear equations in two or three variables (having unique solution) using inverse of a matrix
  • Cramer’s Rule and its applications.

UNIT III: CALCULAS

Continuity and Differentiability:
  • Continuity and differentialiabity, derivative of composite functions, chain rule, derivates of inverse trigonometric functions, derivate of implicit functions, concept of exponential and logarithmic functions to the base e
  • Logarithmic functions as inverse of exponential functions
  • lim 1/x, lim 1/x, lim (1+1/x)x, lim (1+x)1/x, lim log(1+x), lim ex-1 x->0 x-> à x-> à x->0 x->0 x x->0 x Derivatives of logarithmic and exponential functions
  • Logarithmic differentiation, derivative of functions expressed in parametric forms
  • Second order derivatives
  • Rolle’s and Lagranges’s Mean value theorems (without proof) and their geometric interpretation and simple applications.
  • Derivatives, continuity, and differentiability:
  • algebra of functions, rational

UNIT IV: VECTOR AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY

Vectors:
  • Vectors and scalars, magnitude and direction of a vector
  • Direction cosines/ratios of vectors
  • Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero, parallel and collinear vectors), Position vector of a point, negative of a vector, components of a vector, addition of vectors, multiplication of a vector by a Scalar, position vector of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio
  • Scalar (dot) product of vectors, projection of a vector on a line
  • Vector (cross) product of vectors.
Three - dimensional Geometry:
  • Direction cosines/ratios of a line joining two points
  • Cartesian and vector equation of a line, coplanar and skew lines, shortest distance between two lines
  • Cartesian and vector equation of a plane
  • Angle between (i) two lines (ii) two planes (iii) a line and a plane
  • Distance of a point from a plane.

UNIT-V: LINEAR PROGRAMMING

  • Introduction
  • related terminology such as constraints
  • objective function
  • optimization
  • graphical method of solution for problems in two variables
  • feasible and infeasible regions (bounded or unbounded)
  • feasible and infeasible solutions
  • optimal feasible solutions (up to three non-trivial constraints).

UNIT VI: PROBABILITY

  • Multiplication theorem on probability Conditional probability
  • independent events
  • total probability
  • Baye’s theorem
  • Random variable and its probability distribution mean and variance of random variable.
  • Repeated independent (Bernoulli) trials and Binomial distribution.

BIOLOGY-XI

UNIT I: DIVERSITY OF LIVING ORGANISMS

The Living World
  • What is living? ;
  • Need for classification
  • Taxonomy & Systematics
  • Concept of species and taxonomical hierarchy
  • Binomial nomenclature;
Biological Classification
  • Five kingdom classification
  • salient features and classification of Monera
  • Protista and Fungi into major groups
  • Lichens; Viruses and Viroids.
Plant Kingdom
  • Salient features and classification of plants into major groups - Algae, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae and Angiospermae (salient and distinguishing features and a few examples of each category);
  • Angiosperms - classification up to class, characteristic features and examples.
Animal Kingdom
  • Salient features and classification of animals, non-chordates up to phyla level and chordates up to class level (salient features and distinguishing features of a few examples of each category). (No live animals or specimen should be displayed.)

UNIT II: STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN ANIMALS AND PLANTS

Morphology of Flowering Plants
Anatomy of Flowering Plants
  • Anatomy and functions of different tissues and tissue systems in dicots and monocots.
  • Secondary growth.
Structural Organisation in Animals
  • of an insect-cockroach (a brief account only).

UNIT III: CELL: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

Cell-The Unit of Life
  • Plant cell and animal cell;
  • vacuoles;
  • micro bodies; Cytoskeleton;
Biomolecules
Cell Cycle and Cell Division

UNIT IV: PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Photosynthesis in Higher Plants
Respiration in Plants
  • Exchange gases;
Plant - Growth and Development
  • Seed germination;

UNIT V: HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY

Breathing and Exchange of Gases
Body Fluids and Circulation
  • blood vessels;
Excretory Products and their Elimination
  • Atrial Natriuretic Factor,
  • ADH and Diabetes insipidus;
  • Role of other organs in excretion; Disorders; Uraemia, Renal failure, Renal calculi, Nephritis; Dialysis and artificial kidney.
Locomotion and Movement
  • Disorders of muscular and skeletal system-
  • Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout.
Neural control and Coordination
  • reflex action; sensory perception; sense organs; elementary structure and functions of eye and ear
Chemical Coordination and Integration
  • Acromegaly,
  • Cretinism
  • goiter
  • exopthalmic goiter,
  • diabetes
  • Addison’s disease. (Imp: Diseases and disorders mentioned above to be dealt in brief.)

BIOLOGY-XII

UNIT I: REPRODUCTION

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Human Reproduction
  • Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary;
  • embryo development upto blastocyst formation,
Reproductive Health
  • Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD)
  • Birth control-Need and Methods,
  • Contraception and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP)
  • Amniocentesis
  • Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies — IV F, ZIFT, GIFT (Elementary idea for general awareness).

UNIT II: GENETICS AND EVOLUTION

Principles of Inheritance and Variation
  • Deviations from Mendelism
  • Chromosomes and genes;
  • Mendelian disorders in humans-
Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Evolution
  • Modern Synthetic theory of Evolution;

UNIT III: BIOLOGY AND HUMAN WELFARE

Human Health and Diseases
  • dengue, chikungunya;
Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
  • Animal husbandry, Plant breeding, tissue culture, single cell protein.
Microbes in Human Welfare
  • Antibiotics; production and judicious use.

UNIT IV: BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS

Biotechnology - Principles and Processes
Biotechnology and its Application

UNIT V: ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT

Organisms and Populations
  • Organisms and environment Population interactions mutualism, competition.
  • predation, parasitism; Population attributes-growth, birth rate and death rate, age distribution.
Ecosystem
  • Ecosystem: Patterns, components; productivity and decomposition; Energy flow; Pyramids of number, biomass, energy
Biodiversity and its Conservation
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