Shortcut Methods
Shortcut methods and tricks to solve numericals:
Respiratory rate:
- Calculate the respiratory rate by counting the number of breaths a person takes in one minute.
Tidal volume:
- Use a spirometer to measure the volume of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath.
Vital Capacity:
- Use a spirometer to measure the vital capacity.
- Vital Capacity is Tidal volume x Respiratory rate.
FEV1:
- Use a spirometer to measure the forced expiratory volume in 1 second.
PaO2:
- Use a blood gas analyzer to measure the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood.
PaCO2:
- Use a blood gas analyzer to measure the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood.
pH of Arterial Blood:
- Use a blood gas analyzer to measure the pH of arterial blood.
Cardiac Output:
- Calculate the cardiac output by multiplying the stroke volume by the heart rate.
Stroke Volume:
- Use echocardiography to measure the stroke volume.
- Stroke Volume is the amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle during one beat.
Heart Rate:
- Count the number of heartbeats in one minute.
