Shortcut Methods
JEE Mains
- Atomic Radii:
-Increases down the group
- Ionization Energy:
- Decreases down the group.
- Electronegativity:
- Decreases down the group.
- Melting Point:
-Increases down the group
- Boiling Point:
- Increases down the group.
- Chemical Reactivity:
- Increases down the group.
CBSE Board Exams
- Atomic Number and Electronic Configuration:
- Should be known.
- Physical Properties:
- Atomic radii, ionization energy, electronegativity, melting point, boiling point, and density.
- Chemical Properties:
- Oxidation states, reactivity with oxygen, hydrogen, and water; formation of halides, oxides, hydroxides, and sulfides.
- Application:
- Use in electronics, catalysis, and medicine.
Additional Information:
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Group 13 elements are also known as the Boron group.
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Boron is the only nonmetal in the Group 13 elements.
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Aluminum is the most abundant Group 13 element in Earth’s crust.
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Gallium, Indium, and Thallium are relatively rare elements.
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Applications:
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Electronics: Boron (as a dopant in semiconductors), Gallium, Indium, and Thallium (in production of transistors and other electronic devices).
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Catalysis: Aluminum (as a catalyst in various chemical reactions).
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Medicine: Gallium (treatment of cancer), Indium (production of X-ray contrast agents), Thallium (treatment of thyroid cancer).
