Transgenic Animals:

Transgenic animals are organisms that have foreign genes introduced into their genome through genetic engineering techniques. These genetically modified animals are used in scientific research to study gene function, model human diseases, and develop novel therapies. In transgenic animals, foreign genes are integrated into their DNA, allowing researchers to investigate the effects of specific genes on an organism’s biology.

Understanding Disease Mechanism:

Understanding the mechanisms of diseases is crucial in biomedical research. It involves studying the processes and factors that contribute to the development and progression of diseases. Researchers use various techniques, including the study of transgenic animals, to gain insights into disease mechanisms, which can lead to the development of effective treatments.

(AIDS) Model:

Transgenic animals, particularly mice, have been used as models to study Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). By introducing genes related to HIV infection into mice, scientists can mimic the disease’s progression and test potential therapies and vaccines.

Alzheimer Mouse:

Transgenic mice have been engineered to model Alzheimer’s disease. These mice express genes associated with Alzheimer’s, allowing researchers to study the disease’s pathogenesis, develop treatments, and test potential drugs for alleviating symptoms.

Transgenic Models for Diabetes:

Transgenic animals, especially mice, are used as models for studying diabetes. Genes related to diabetes susceptibility or insulin production are introduced into these animals to investigate the disease’s underlying mechanisms and develop better treatment strategies.

Transgenic Animals for Organ Transplantation:

Transgenic pigs are being developed for organ transplantation (xenotransplantation). By modifying pig organs to be more compatible with humans, researchers aim to address the shortage of human donor organs and make organ transplantation more accessible and efficient.

Transgenesis: Step-03 - Selection and Screening:

After introducing foreign DNA into the host organism’s genome, the critical step of selection and screening follows. This process involves identifying and confirming the presence of the desired gene in transgenic animals. It ensures that only those animals with the intended genetic modification are used for further research or breeding.