SATHEE: Equilibrium - Result Question 95

Equilibrium - Result Question 95

####99. A physician wishes to prepare a buffer solution of $p H = 3.58$ that efficiently resists a change in $p H$ yet contains only small concentrations of the buffering agents. Which one of the following weak acids together with its sodium salt would be the best to use ?

[1997]

(a) $m$ -chlorobenzoic acid $(p K_{a} = 3.98)$

(b) $p$ -chlorocinnamic acid $(p K_{a} = 4.41)$

(d) Acetoacetic acid $(p K_{a} = 3.58)$

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Solution:

(d) $p H = p K_{a} + \log \frac{[Salt]}{[Acid]}$

For acetoacetic acid

$3.58 = 3.58 + \log \frac{[Salt]}{[Acid]}$

$\Rightarrow \log \frac{[Salt]}{[Acid]} = 0$

$\Rightarrow \frac{[Salt]}{[Acid]} = 1$

This is the required condition for maximum buffer capacity.

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Equilibrium - Result Question 95

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