Table of Contents

Inflorescence

[Difference between Cymose and Racemose inflorescence](#Difference between Cymose and Racemose inflorescence)

[Cymose Inflorescence](#Cymose Inflorescence)

Types of Cymose Inflorescence

Frequently Asked Questions

Inflorescence

The pattern of flower arrangement on the floral axis is known as inflorescence. Inflorescence is divided into two main types:

1. Racemose: In racemose types of inflorescence, the main axis grows continuously and flowers are arranged laterally on the floral axis. Flowers are arranged in an acropetal manner.

2. Cymose: The main axis of a cymose inflorescence does not grow continuously, with a flower present terminally. The flowers are borne in a basipetal order, with the main axis having limited growth.

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Other than these two, there are three special types of inflorescence present.

These are:

1. Ficus: A species of plant that has a cup-shaped structure with a cavity containing both male and female flowers, and a small apical opening, known as a hypanthodium.

2. Cyathium: Here the cup-shaped structure is formed from an involucre of bracts, with a single female flower present in the middle, surrounded by numerous stalked male flowers. For example, Euphorbia.

3. Verticillaster: This type of inflorescence is typical of plants with opposite leaves, where two clusters of sessile flowers develop from the two opposite axils of leaves. Each cluster has a dichasial cyme arrangement, such as Ocimum and Salvia.

Difference between Cymose and Racemose inflorescence

Cymose inflorescence is a type of inflorescence that has a main stem with lateral flowers blooming from the apex. It is also known as a determinate inflorescence since the flowers are arranged in a definite pattern.

Racemose inflorescence is a type of inflorescence that has a main stem with lateral flowers blooming from the base. It is also known as an indeterminate inflorescence since the flowers are arranged in an indefinite pattern.

| 1. | The main axis terminates in a flower and has definite growth | The main axis continues to grow indefinitely |

| 2. | Peduncle shows a monopodial growth | Peduncle shows sympodial or multipodial growth |

| 3. | The flowers are present laterally in acropetal succession | The flowers are present apically in basipetal succession |

| 4. | The arrangement of flowers is centripetal |

| 5. | The grouping of flowers is less common | The grouping of flowers is more common |

| 6. | The first formed flower is at the base of the peduncle |

| 7. | The number of flowers is definite | The formation of flowers is indefinite or unrestricted |

| 8. | Flowers bloom at a long interval | Flowers bloom at a short interval |

| 9. | Newly formed fruits are not protected by flowers | Newly formed fruits are protected by flowers |

Learn more about Racemose inflorescence here

Cymose Inflorescence

“A cymose inflorescence is characterized by a flower at the apex of the floral axis.” denotes a quote

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The growth of the main axis is limited and the lateral axis also terminates into flower, thus limiting the growth of the axis. Flowers are arranged in a basipetal succession, with the older flowers present terminally and the younger ones at the base. This type of arrangement is known as centrifugal, where the older flowers are present in the middle and the younger ones at the periphery.

#Types of Cymose Inflorescence

#There are four main types of cymose inflorescence:

1. Racemose

2. Corymb

3. Umbel

4. Spike

5. Monochasial Cyme

2. Dichasial Cyme

3. Polychasial Cyme

4. Cymose Capitulum

5. Monochasial Cyme: It is also known as a Uniparous Cyme. The main axis of the cyme terminates in a flower and produces one lateral branch from the base, which also terminates in a flower. Each lateral and subsequent branch also produces one lateral branch with a terminal flower. Monochasial Cyme is further divided into two types:

6. Gossypium and Drosera: Lateral branches of the Scorpioid growth pattern develop alternately on both sides of the axis.

7. Helicoid: Lateral branches on the same side of the stem twist around each other to form a helix, as seen in plants such as Begonia and Heliotropium.

8. Dichasial Cyme: Also known as a biparous cyme, this type of inflorescence has a terminal peduncle that terminates in a flower. This flower then gives rise to two lateral branches, each of which terminate in a flower. Subsequent branches behave similarly. Examples of plants with dichasial cymes include Jasmine and Saponaria.

9. Polychasial cyme: Also known as a multiparous cyme, this is a type of inflorescence in which multiple branches arise at the base of the apical flower on the peduncle, with the oldest flower in the middle. For example, Calotropis is one such plant.

Cymose capitulum: This type of arrangement, known as centrifugal arrangement, involves a peduncle that is reduced to a circular disc, with older flowers developing at the centre of the disc and younger flowers at the periphery. Examples of this type of arrangement include Acacia and Mimosa.

Frequently Asked Questions

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Cymose type of inflorescence is a type of flower arrangement where the flowers are borne on a central axis and each flower has a single pedicel.

The cymose type of inflorescence is characterized by the presence of flowers terminally on the main axis, thus limiting the growth of the main axis.

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Racemose and Cymose are two types of inflorescence, which are the arrangement of flowers on an axis. Racemose inflorescence is a type of inflorescence where flowers are arranged along an unbranched axis, while Cymose inflorescence is a type of inflorescence where flowers are arranged in a determinate manner along a branched axis.

Racemose and Cymose are two types of Inflorescence. In Racemose, the main axis continues to grow indefinitely and the flowers are borne laterally. Whereas, in Cymose Inflorescence, flowers are borne terminally on the floral axis and the main axis shows determinate growth.

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The main difference between Racemose and Cymose inflorescence is that Racemose inflorescence has an indeterminate growth pattern, while Cymose inflorescence has a determinate growth pattern.

The main difference between racemose and cymose inflorescence is that in the racemose type, the flowers are borne laterally and the main floral axis continues to grow, whereas in the cymose type, flowers are borne terminally on the floral axis and the main axis shows limited growth. Additionally, flowers are borne in an acropetal manner (new flowers present at top) in racemose type, whereas in cymose type, flowers are borne in basipetal fashion (new flowers present at the bottom).

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Which plant has Cymose inflorescence?

Cymose inflorescence is present in plants such as Solanum nigrum, Drosera, Begonia, Ranunculus, Jasmine, and Calotropis, among others.

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What is Polychasial cyme?

Polychasial cyme is a type of flower inflorescence in which the main axis branches repeatedly and the lateral branches have a cymose arrangement.

The Calotropis plant is an example of a multiparous cyme, in which multiple branches arise from the base of the apical flower on the main floral axis. The lateral branches usually become dichasial and then monochasial, with the oldest flower lying in the middle.