Diversity in Living Organisms
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Find out incorrect sentence
(a) Protista includes unicellular eukaryotic organisms
(b) Whittaker considered cell structure, mode and source of nutrition for classifying the organisms in five kingdoms
(c) Both Monera and Protista may be autotrophic and heterotrophic
(d) Monerans have well defined nucleus
Answer Answer is (d) Monerans have well defined nucleus Explanation: Monerans include single celled prokaryotic bacteria, actinomycetes and photosynthetic blue green algae. Monerans don’t have well defined nucleus and cell organelles.Show Answer
(i) Thallophyta
(ii) Bryophyta
(iii) Pteridophyta
(iv) Gymnosperms
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i) and (iv)
Answer Answer is (c) (iii) and (iv) Explanation: Thallophytes and Bryophytes don’t have specialized tissues for water conduction where as Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms have specialized tissues for conduction of water.Show Answer
(a) Thallophyta
(b) Bryophyta
(c) Pteridophyta
(d) Gymnosperms
Answer Answer is (d) Gymnosperms Explanation: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms are the flower bearing plants and they produce seeds. Rest other types of plants don not bear flowers and they do not produce seeds.Show Answer
(a) Jellyfish
(b) Starfish
(c) Dogfish
(d) Silverfish
Answer Answer is (c) Dogfish Explanation: Jelly fish is a coelenterate, starfish belongs to Echinodermata and solver fish are Arthropod.Show Answer
(a) Porifera
(b) Echinodermata
(c) Mollusca
(d) Pisces
Answer Answer is (b) Echinodermata Explanation: Echinodermata are exclusively found in marine environment whereas Porifera, Mollusc’s and Pisces cab be found in both marine and fresh water.Show Answer
(i) Arthropoda
(ii) Mollusca
(iii) Annelida
(iv) Coelenterata
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (iii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (iii)
(d) (ii) and (iv)
Answer Answer is (a) (i) and (ii) Explanation: Annelida and Coelenterata have closed circulatory system where as Arthoropods and Mollusca have open circulatory system.Show Answer
(a) Arthropoda
(b) Annelida
(c) Nematoda
(d) Echinodermata
Answer Answer is (a) Arthropoda Explanation: Annelida, Nematoda and Echinodermata don’t have blood and Athropods coelom is filled with blood.Show Answer
(a) Wuchereria
(b) Pinworm
(c) Planarians
(d) Liver flukes
Answer Answer is (a) Wuchereria Explanation: Wuchereria is a human parasite which causes Elephantiasis. Elephantiasis is spred through mosquitos. Pinworm is a common intestinal parasite and causes enterobiasis Planarians are non parasitic flatworms Liver flueks are flatworms that causes liver rot in Humans.Show Answer
(a) Presence of notochord
(b) Presence of triploblastic condition
(c) Presence of gill pouches
(d) Presence of coelom
Answer Answer is (a) Presence of notochord Explanation: Presence of triploblastic condition, Presence of gill pouches, Presence of coelom are found in both vertebrates and in-vertebrates but Notochord is exclusively present in vertebrates.Show Answer
(i) Amphibians
(ii) Pisces
(iii) Reptiles
(iv) Mammals
(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (iii) and (iv)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (i) and (ii)
Answer Answer is (c) (ii) and (iii) Explanation: Amphibians and mammals don’t have scales on their body whereas Pisces and reptiles have scales on their body.Show Answer
(a) Aves are warm blooded, egg laying and have four chambered heart
(b) Aves have feather covered body, fore limbs are modified as wing and breathe through lungs
(c) Most of the mammals are viviparous
(d) Fishes, amphibians and reptiles are oviparous
Answer Answer is (d) Fishes, amphibians and reptiles are oviparous Explanation: Some fishes are vivaporous but Amphibians show external fertilization they can neither be kept under oviparous nor be viviparous hence statement (d) is wrong.Show Answer
(a) root
(b) stem
(c) flowers
(d) leaves
Answer Answer is (c) flowersShow Answer
(a) Spongilla
(b) Euglena
(c) Penicillium
(d) Hydra
Answer Answer is (a) Spongilla Explanation: Euglena is a protozoan. Pencillium is a fungi Hydra is a CoelenterataShow Answer
(a) Hydra
(b) Jelly fish
(c) Corals
(d) Filaria
Answer Answer is (d) Filaria Explanation: Filaria is a disease caused by Wuchereria. It is spread by Mosquitos.Show Answer
(a) Three chambered heart
(b) Gills or lungs
(c) Scales
(d) Mucus glands
Answer Answer is (c) Scales Explanation: Amphibians have 3 chambered heart. Lungs are present in Adults and Gills are present in tadpoles. Mucus glands are present on the skin of Amphibians.Show Answer
(i) fungi
(ii) protista
(iii) cyano bacteria
(iv) archae bacteria
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (iii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (iv)
(d) (ii) and (iii)
Answer Answer is (b) (iii) and (iv) Explanation: Cyanobacteria and archae bacteria are prokaryotes and they do not have well defined nucleus and cell organelles. Fungi and Protista are Eukaryote which posses Cell organelles and nucleus.Show Answer
(a) Body design of the organism
(b) Ability to produce one’s own food
(c) Membrane bound nucleus and cell organelles
(d) Height of the plant
Answer Answer is (d) Height of the plant Explanation: Height of a plant is an attribute which is related to bushes and trees which are part of Kingdom Plantae hence height of the trees cannot be a criterion for classification of living organisms.Show Answer
(a) Presence of notochord
(b) Bilateral symmetry and coelom
(c) Jointed legs
(d) Presence of circulatory system
Answer Jointed legs is a characteristic feature of Arthropods hence the answers is C) Protochordata are triploblastic with bilaterally symmetric body and coelm. They show notochord at some stage of life and they are marine living.Show Answer
(a) tube feet
(b) muscular feet
(c) jointed legs
(d) parapodia
Answer Answer is (a) tube feetShow Answer
Corals are
(a) Poriferans attached to some solid support
(b) Cnidarians, that are solitary living
(c) Poriferans present at the sea bed
(d) Cnidarians that live in colonies
Answer Answer is (d) Cnidarians that live in coloniesShow Answer
(a) Robert Whittaker
(b) Carolus Linnaeus
(c) Robert Hooke
(d) Ernst Haeckel
Answer Answer is (b) Carolus Linnaeus Explanation: Carolus Linnaeus introduced binomial nomenclature which is simplified method of naming organisms. Binomial nomenclature gives each organism a scientific name that has two parts. First part is a Genus and second part is Species.Show Answer
(a) crocodiles
(b) fish
(c) aves
(d) amphibians
Answer Answer is (b) fish Explanation: Amphibians have 3 chambered heart. Aves and crocodile have 3 chambered heart.Show Answer
(a) Sharks
(b) Tuna
(c) Rohu
(d) None of these
Answer Answer is (a) Sharks Explanation: Sharks are cartilaginous fish whereas Tuna and Rohu are bony fishes.Show Answer
(a) Nereis
(b) Earthworm
(c) Leech
(d) Urchins
Answer Answer is (d) Urchins Explanation: Urchins are CoelenteratesShow Answer
(a) Linnaeus
(b) Haeckel
(c) Whittaker
(d) Robert Brown
Answer Answer is (a) LinnaeusShow Answer
(a) Morphology
(b) Taxonomy
(c) Physiology
(d) Medicine
Answer Answer is (b) TaxonomyShow Answer
(a) Mollusca
(b) Coelenterata
(c) Arthropoda
(d) Echinodermata
Answer Answer is (b) Coelenterata Explanation: Coelenterates have tissue level organization hence they lack real organs.Show Answer
(a) Echinodermata
(b) Protochordata
(c) Arthropoda
(d) Nematoda
Answer (a) Echinodermata Explanation: Echinodermata are spiny skinned organisms which are exclusively free-living marine animals. They are triploblastic and have a coelomic cavity. They use a unique water-driven tube from moving and they contain calcium carbonate structres which are used as skeleton.Show Answer
(a) Leech
(b) Starfish
(c) Snails
(d) Ascaris
Answer Answer is (a) Leech Explanation: Leech belongs to Annelids and it shows metameric body segmentation.Show Answer
(a) Class and Order
(b) Order and Genus
(c) Genus and Species
(d) Division and Class
Answer Answer is (b) Order and Genus Explanation: Taxonomic hierarchy $ \mathbf{Spices} \\
\hspace{3 mm} \mathbf{\uparrow} \\
\mathbf{Genus} \\
\hspace{3 mm} \mathbf{\uparrow} \\
\mathbf{Family} \\
\hspace{3 mm} \mathbf{\uparrow} \\
\mathbf{Order} \\
\hspace{3 mm} \mathbf{\uparrow} \\
\mathbf{Class} \\
\hspace{3 mm} \mathbf{\uparrow} \\
\mathbf{Phylum} \\
\hspace{3 mm} \mathbf{\uparrow} \\
\mathbf{Kingdom} \\
\hspace{3 mm}
$Show Answer
(a) Morgan
(b) R. Whittaker
(c) Linnaeus
(d) Haeckel
Answer Answer is (b) R. Whittaker Explanation: R. Whittaker proposed 5 kingdom classification which includes Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.Show Answer
(a) blue green algae
(b) diatoms
(c) algae
(d) yeast
Answer Answer is (a) blue green algae Explanation: Blue green algae belongs to prokaryotes which do not have well defined nucleus and cell organelles.Show Answer
(a) Linnaeus
(b) Darwin
(c) Hackel
(d) Whittaker
Answer Answer is (b) DarwinShow Answer
(a) Bilateral symmetrical body
(b) Body with jointed legs
(c) Cylindrical body
(d) Body with little segmentation
Show Answer
Answer
Answer is Body with jointed legs
Explanation:
Body with jointed legs is a characteristic feature of Kingdom Arthropoda and all the insects belong to this kingdom.
Short Answer Questions
35. Write true (T) or false (F)
(a) Whittaker proposed five kingdom classification.
(b) Monera is divided into Archaebacteria and Eubacteria.
(c) Starting from Class, Species comes before the Genus.
(d) Anabaena belongs to the kingdom Monera.
(e) Blue green algae belongs to the kingdom Protista.
(f) All prokaryotes are classified under Monera.
Answer Answers a-True b- True c- False d-True e-False f- True Explanation: c) Taxonomic hierarchy $ \mathbf{Spices} \\
\hspace{3 mm} \mathbf{\uparrow} \\
\mathbf{Genus} \\
\hspace{3 mm} \mathbf{\uparrow} \\
\mathbf{Family} \\
\hspace{3 mm} \mathbf{\uparrow} \\
\mathbf{Order} \\
\hspace{3 mm} \mathbf{\uparrow} \\
\mathbf{Class} \\
\hspace{3 mm} \mathbf{\uparrow} \\
\mathbf{Phylum} \\
\hspace{3 mm} \mathbf{\uparrow} \\
\mathbf{Kingdom} \\
\hspace{3 mm}
$ e) Blue green algae belonged to Kingdom MoneraShow Answer
(a) Fungi shows _ _ _ mode of nutrition.
(b) Cell wall of fungi is made up of _ _ _
(c) Association between blue green algae and fungi is called as _ _ _
(d) Chemical nature of chitin is _ _ _
(e) _ _ _ has smallest number of organisms with maximum number of similar characters
(f) Plants without well differentiated stem, root and leaf are kept in _ _ _
(g) _ _ _ are called as amphibians of the plant kingdom
Answer (a) Fungi shows Saprophytic mode of nutrition. (b) Cell wall of fungi is made up of Chitin. (c) Association between blue green algae and fungi is called as Lichens. (d) Chemical nature of chitin is Carbohydrate. (e) Species has smallest number of organisms with maximum number of similar characters. (f) Plants without well differentiated stem, root and leaf are kept in Thallophyta. (g) Bryophytes are called as amphibians of the plant kingdom.Show Answer
Answer Gram-Dicot Wheat-Monocot Rice- Monocot Pumpkin- Dicot Maize- Monocot Pea-DicotShow Answer
| (A) | (B) |
|---|---|
| (a) Naked seed | (A) Angiosperms |
| (b) Covered seed | (B) Gymnosperms |
| (c) Flagella | (C) Bryophytes |
| (d) Marchantia | (D) Euglena |
| (e) Marsilea | (E) Thallophyta |
| (f) Cladophora | (F) Pteridophyta |
| (g) Penicillium | (G) Fungi |
AnswerShow Answer
(A)
(B)
(a) Naked seed
(B) Gymnosperms
(b) Covered seed
(A) Angiosperms
(c) Flagella
(D) Euglena
(d) Marchantia
(C) Bryophytes
(e) Marsilea
(F) Pteridophyta
(f) Cladophora
(E) Thallophyta
(g) Penicillium
(G) Fungi
| (A) | (B) |
|---|---|
| (a) Pore bearing animals | (A) Arthropoda |
| (b) Diploblastic | (B) Coelenterata |
| (c) Metameric segmentation | (C) Porifera |
| (d) Jointed legs | (D) Echinodermata |
| (e) Soft bodied animals | (E) Mollusca |
| (f) Spiny skinned animals | (F) Annelida |
AnswerShow Answer
(A)
(B)
(a) Pore bearing animals
(C) Porifera
(b) Diploblastic
(B) Coelenterata
(c) Metameric segmentation
(F) Annelida
(d) Jointed legs
(A) Arthropoda
(e) Soft bodied animals
(E) Mollusca
(f) Spiny skinned animals
(D) Echinodermata
| Spongilla, Sea anemone, | Planaria, | Liver fluke |
|---|---|---|
| Wuchereria, Ascaris, | Nereis, | Earthworm, |
| Scorpion, Birds, | Fishes, | Horse |
Answer Spongilla- acoelomate Sea anemone- acoelomate Planaria- acoelomate Liver fluke- acoelomate Wuchereria-pseudocoelomate Ascaris-pseudocoelomate Nereis- coelomate Earthworm- coelomate Scorpion- coelomate Birds- coelomate Fishes- coelomate Horse- coelomateShow Answer
Torpedo, Sting ray, Dog fish,
Rohu, Angler fish, Exocoetus
Answer Torpedo- cartilagenous Sting ray- cartilagenous Dog fish- cartilagenous Rohu- bony Angler fish- bony Exocoetus- bonyShow Answer
Answer Rohu- 2 chambered Scoliodon-2 chambered Frog-3 chambered Salamander-3 chambered Flying lizard-3 chambered King Cobra-3 chambered Crocodile-4 chambered Ostrich-4chambered Bat-4chambered Whale-4 chamberedShow Answer
Answer Rohu- Cold Blooded Scolidon- Cold Blooded Flying lizard- Cold Blooded King Kobra- Cold Blooded Frog- Cold Blooded Salamander- Cold Blooded Ostrich- Warm Blooded Pigeon- Warm Blooded Bat- Warm Blooded Crocodile- Cold Blooded Whale- Warm BloodedShow Answer
Answer Billed platypus and the echidna are two egg laying mammalsShow Answer
(a) Five kingdom classification of living organisms is given by _ _ _
(b) Basic smallest unit of classification is _ _ _
(c) Prokaryotes are grouped in Kingdom _ _ _
(d) Paramecium is a protista because of its _ _ _
(e) Fungi do not contain _ _ _
(f) A fungus _ _ _ can be seen without microscope.
(g) Common fungi used in preparing the bread is _ _ _
(h) Algae and fungi form symbiotic association called _ _ _
Answer (a) Five kingdom classification of living organisms is given by Robert Whittaker. (b) Basic smallest unit of classification is Species. (c) Prokaryotes are grouped in Kingdom Monera. (d) Paramecium is a protista because of its Eukaryotic unicellular morphology. (e) Fungi do not contain Chlorophyll. (f) A fungus Mushroom can be seen without microscope. (g) Common fungi used in preparing the bread is Yeast. (h) Algae and fungi form symbiotic association called Lichens.Show Answer
(a) Gymnosperms differ from Angiosperms in having covered seed.
(b) Non flowering plants are called Cryptogamae.
(c) Bryophytes have conducting tissue.
(d) Funaria is a moss.
(e) Compound leaves are found in many ferns.
(f) Seeds contain embryo.
Answer Answers- a) False b) True c) True d) True e) TrueShow Answer
(a) Bilateral, dorsiventral symmetry is found in
(b) Worms causing disease elephantiasis is-_.
(c) Open circulatory system is found in_w where coelomic cavity is filled with blood.
(d) - are known to have pseudocoelom.
Answer (a) Bilateral, dorsiventral symmetry is found in Liver Fluke. (b) Worms causing disease elephantiasis is Filarial worm. (c) Open circulatory system is found in Arthropods where coelomic cavity is filled with blood. (d) Nematodes are known to have pseudocoelom.Show Answer
Answer a) Dorsal fin b) Caudal fin c) Pelvic fin d) Pectoral finShow Answer
Show Answer
Answer
a) Thallophyta
b) Vascular tissue without specialization
c) Pteridopphyta
d) Phanerogams
e) Bare naked seeds
f) Angiosperms
g) Seeds with two cotyledons
h) Monocots
Long Answer Questions
50. Write names of few thallophytes. Draw a labelled diagram of Spirogyra.
Answer Ulothrix, Spirogyra, Cladophara, Ulva and Chara are few of the examples for ThallophytesShow Answer
Answer Thallophyta, bryophyta and pteridophyta are called as ‘Cryptogams’ because the reproductive organs of plants in all these three groups are very inconspicuous, and they are therefore called ‘cryptogams’, or ’those with hidden reproductive organs’. In these plants seeds are absent. Example : Pinus Gymnosperms and Angiosperms are called as ‘phanerogams’ these are the plants plants with well differentiated reproductive parts that ultimately make seeds . Example: CycasShow Answer
(a) Bilateral symmetry
(b) Coelom
(c) Triploblastic
Answer a) Organism with body shapes that are mirror images along a middle line. The internal organs, however, are not necessarily distributed symmetrically. Example: Liver fluke b) Coelem is a body cavity filled with fluid. Fluid runs the complete length of vertebrates to divide the body of an organism into inner tube and outer tube is called Coelom Example : Butterfly c) Animals that have 3 embryonic cell layers from which differentiated tissues are made are called triploblastic organisms. Ex: Star FishShow Answer
Answer The organisms given in the question does not belong to a common group of organisms. Leech and Nereis are annelids but Scolopendra, prawn and scorpion are arthropods Annelids have metamerically segmented body. In Metamerically segmented body body is divided into many segments internally by septa. From head to tail body segments are lined up one after the other. Arthropoda have jointed legs and open circulating system.Show Answer
Answer Among Bacteria, Mushroom and Mango tree; Mango tree is the complex and evolved organism Because it is Eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophic terrestrial plant. It is an angiosperm and its seeds are covered. It reproductive organs and accumulated in the flower hence it is called as a flowering plant. Bacteria are prokaryotic unicellular organisms and fungi are heterotrophic thallophytes with no body
differentiation. Hence mango tree is evolved more than bacteria and fungi.Show Answer
Answer Flying Lizard SparrowShow Answer
Sl
NoFlying lizard is a reptile
Bird belongs to class-Aves.
1
Ectothermic or cold-blooded,
terrestrial or aquatic vertebrates.Warm-blooded, tetrapodous vertebrates
(birds) with various flight adaptations.
Size ranges from smallest humming
bird to largest ostrich.
2
Body covered with dry water-proof
skin having horny epidermal scales
or dermal acute plates.Persist on the feet but feathers cover
most of the body.
3
Body varies in form and is usually
divided into head, neck, trunk and
tail.Spindle or boat-shaped body is
divisible into head, neck, trunk and tail.
4
Limbs are tetrapodous pentadacytle
(five-toed) type; with clawed digits
(limbs are absent in snakes and some
lizards).Fore-limbs modified into wings for
flight, Hind-limbs bear four clawed
digits and are adapted for walking,
perching, or swimming.
5
Teeth are present in all reptiles
except in tortoises and turtles.Narrow jaws form a horny beak, which
is modified for different purpose. Teeth
are absent.
6
Respiration is through lungs only. No
gills are present.They breathe through lungs.
7
Heart is three chambered and is
divided into two auricles and an
incompletely divided ventricle. Only
crocodiles have four-chambered
heart.Four-chambered heart with two
auricles and two ventricles.
8
Fertilisation is internal. Most reptiles
are ’ oviparous and lay their eggs
with tough covering and do not need
to lay their eggs in water. A few
reptiles are viviparous, (e.g., lizards
and snakes). No aquatic larval stage.Fertilization is internal. They are
oviparous and lay large, yolk-laden
eggs having hard shell.
AnswerShow Answer
Show Answer
Answer
Because both have certain common feature which are listed below.
- These animals are cold-blooded,
- They have scales and breathe through lungs.
- Both of them have a three-chambered heart
- Both of them lay eggs with tough coverings and do not need to lay their eggs in water
