Diversity in Living Organisms
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Find out incorrect sentence
(a) Protista includes unicellular eukaryotic organisms
(b) Whittaker considered cell structure, mode and source of nutrition for classifying the organisms in five kingdoms
(c) Both Monera and Protista may be autotrophic and heterotrophic
(d) Monerans have well defined nucleus
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Answer
Answer is (d) Monerans have well defined nucleus
Explanation:
Monerans include single celled prokaryotic bacteria, actinomycetes and photosynthetic blue green algae.
Monerans don’t have well defined nucleus and cell organelles.
(i) Thallophyta
(ii) Bryophyta
(iii) Pteridophyta
(iv) Gymnosperms
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i) and (iv)
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Answer
Answer is (c) (iii) and (iv)
Explanation:
Thallophytes and Bryophytes don’t have specialized tissues for water conduction where as Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms have specialized tissues for conduction of water.
(a) Thallophyta
(b) Bryophyta
(c) Pteridophyta
(d) Gymnosperms
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Answer
Answer is (d) Gymnosperms
Explanation:
Gymnosperms and Angiosperms are the flower bearing plants and they produce seeds. Rest other types of plants don not bear flowers and they do not produce seeds.
(a) Jellyfish
(b) Starfish
(c) Dogfish
(d) Silverfish
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Answer
Answer is (c) Dogfish
Explanation:
Jelly fish is a coelenterate, starfish belongs to Echinodermata and solver fish are Arthropod.
(a) Porifera
(b) Echinodermata
(c) Mollusca
(d) Pisces
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Answer
Answer is (b) Echinodermata
Explanation:
Echinodermata are exclusively found in marine environment whereas Porifera, Mollusc’s and Pisces cab be found in both marine and fresh water.
(i) Arthropoda
(ii) Mollusca
(iii) Annelida
(iv) Coelenterata
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (iii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (iii)
(d) (ii) and (iv)
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Answer
Answer is (a) (i) and (ii)
Explanation:
Annelida and Coelenterata have closed circulatory system where as Arthoropods and Mollusca have open circulatory system.
(a) Arthropoda
(b) Annelida
(c) Nematoda
(d) Echinodermata
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Answer
Answer is (a) Arthropoda
Explanation:
Annelida, Nematoda and Echinodermata don’t have blood and Athropods coelom is filled with blood.
(a) Wuchereria
(b) Pinworm
(c) Planarians
(d) Liver flukes
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Answer
Answer is (a) Wuchereria
Explanation:
Wuchereria is a human parasite which causes Elephantiasis. Elephantiasis is spred through mosquitos.
Pinworm is a common intestinal parasite and causes enterobiasis
Planarians are non parasitic flatworms
Liver flueks are flatworms that causes liver rot in Humans.
(a) Presence of notochord
(b) Presence of triploblastic condition
(c) Presence of gill pouches
(d) Presence of coelom
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Answer
Answer is (a) Presence of notochord
Explanation:
Presence of triploblastic condition, Presence of gill pouches, Presence of coelom are found in both vertebrates and in-vertebrates but Notochord is exclusively present in vertebrates.
(i) Amphibians
(ii) Pisces
(iii) Reptiles
(iv) Mammals
(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (iii) and (iv)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (i) and (ii)
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Answer
Answer is (c) (ii) and (iii)
Explanation:
Amphibians and mammals don’t have scales on their body whereas Pisces and reptiles have scales on their body.
(a) Aves are warm blooded, egg laying and have four chambered heart
(b) Aves have feather covered body, fore limbs are modified as wing and breathe through lungs
(c) Most of the mammals are viviparous
(d) Fishes, amphibians and reptiles are oviparous
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Answer
Answer is (d) Fishes, amphibians and reptiles are oviparous
Explanation:
Some fishes are vivaporous but Amphibians show external fertilization they can neither be kept under oviparous nor be viviparous hence statement (d) is wrong.
(a) root
(b) stem
(c) flowers
(d) leaves
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Answer
Answer is (c) flowers
(a) Spongilla
(b) Euglena
(c) Penicillium
(d) Hydra
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Answer
Answer is (a) Spongilla
Explanation:
Euglena is a protozoan.
Pencillium is a fungi
Hydra is a Coelenterata
(a) Hydra
(b) Jelly fish
(c) Corals
(d) Filaria
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Answer
Answer is (d) Filaria
Explanation:
Filaria is a disease caused by Wuchereria. It is spread by Mosquitos.
(a) Three chambered heart
(b) Gills or lungs
(c) Scales
(d) Mucus glands
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Answer
Answer is (c) Scales
Explanation:
Amphibians have 3 chambered heart. Lungs are present in Adults and Gills are present in tadpoles. Mucus glands are present on the skin of Amphibians.
(i) fungi
(ii) protista
(iii) cyano bacteria
(iv) archae bacteria
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (iii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (iv)
(d) (ii) and (iii)
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Answer
Answer is (b) (iii) and (iv)
Explanation:
Cyanobacteria and archae bacteria are prokaryotes and they do not have well defined nucleus and cell organelles. Fungi and Protista are Eukaryote which posses Cell organelles and nucleus.
(a) Body design of the organism
(b) Ability to produce one’s own food
(c) Membrane bound nucleus and cell organelles
(d) Height of the plant
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Answer
Answer is (d) Height of the plant
Explanation:
Height of a plant is an attribute which is related to bushes and trees which are part of Kingdom Plantae hence height of the trees cannot be a criterion for classification of living organisms.
(a) Presence of notochord
(b) Bilateral symmetry and coelom
(c) Jointed legs
(d) Presence of circulatory system
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Answer
Jointed legs is a characteristic feature of Arthropods hence the answers is C)
Protochordata are triploblastic with bilaterally symmetric body and coelm. They show notochord at some stage of life and they are marine living.
(a) tube feet
(b) muscular feet
(c) jointed legs
(d) parapodia
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Answer
Answer is (a) tube feet
Corals are
(a) Poriferans attached to some solid support
(b) Cnidarians, that are solitary living
(c) Poriferans present at the sea bed
(d) Cnidarians that live in colonies
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Answer
Answer is (d) Cnidarians that live in colonies
(a) Robert Whittaker
(b) Carolus Linnaeus
(c) Robert Hooke
(d) Ernst Haeckel
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Answer
Answer is (b) Carolus Linnaeus
Explanation:
Carolus Linnaeus introduced binomial nomenclature which is simplified method of naming organisms. Binomial nomenclature gives each organism a scientific name that has two parts. First part is a Genus and second part is Species.
(a) crocodiles
(b) fish
(c) aves
(d) amphibians
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Answer
Answer is (b) fish
Explanation:
Amphibians have 3 chambered heart. Aves and crocodile have 3 chambered heart.
(a) Sharks
(b) Tuna
(c) Rohu
(d) None of these
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Answer
Answer is (a) Sharks
Explanation:
Sharks are cartilaginous fish whereas Tuna and Rohu are bony fishes.
(a) Nereis
(b) Earthworm
(c) Leech
(d) Urchins
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Answer
Answer is (d) Urchins
Explanation:
Urchins are Coelenterates
(a) Linnaeus
(b) Haeckel
(c) Whittaker
(d) Robert Brown
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Answer
Answer is (a) Linnaeus
(a) Morphology
(b) Taxonomy
(c) Physiology
(d) Medicine
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Answer
Answer is (b) Taxonomy
(a) Mollusca
(b) Coelenterata
(c) Arthropoda
(d) Echinodermata
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Answer
Answer is (b) Coelenterata
Explanation:
Coelenterates have tissue level organization hence they lack real organs.
(a) Echinodermata
(b) Protochordata
(c) Arthropoda
(d) Nematoda
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Answer
(a) Echinodermata
Explanation:
Echinodermata are spiny skinned organisms which are exclusively free-living marine animals. They are triploblastic and have a coelomic cavity. They use a unique water-driven tube from moving and they contain calcium carbonate structres which are used as skeleton.
(a) Leech
(b) Starfish
(c) Snails
(d) Ascaris
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Answer
Answer is (a) Leech
Explanation:
Leech belongs to Annelids and it shows metameric body segmentation.
(a) Class and Order
(b) Order and Genus
(c) Genus and Species
(d) Division and Class
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Answer
Answer is (b) Order and Genus
Explanation:
Taxonomic hierarchy
(a) Morgan
(b) R. Whittaker
(c) Linnaeus
(d) Haeckel
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Answer
Answer is (b) R. Whittaker
Explanation:
R. Whittaker proposed 5 kingdom classification which includes Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.
(a) blue green algae
(b) diatoms
(c) algae
(d) yeast
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Answer
Answer is (a) blue green algae
Explanation:
Blue green algae belongs to prokaryotes which do not have well defined nucleus and cell organelles.
(a) Linnaeus
(b) Darwin
(c) Hackel
(d) Whittaker
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Answer
Answer is (b) Darwin
(a) Bilateral symmetrical body
(b) Body with jointed legs
(c) Cylindrical body
(d) Body with little segmentation
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Answer
Answer is Body with jointed legs
Explanation:
Body with jointed legs is a characteristic feature of Kingdom Arthropoda and all the insects belong to this kingdom.
Short Answer Questions
35. Write true (T) or false (F)
(a) Whittaker proposed five kingdom classification.
(b) Monera is divided into Archaebacteria and Eubacteria.
(c) Starting from Class, Species comes before the Genus.
(d) Anabaena belongs to the kingdom Monera.
(e) Blue green algae belongs to the kingdom Protista.
(f) All prokaryotes are classified under Monera.
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Answer
Answers
a-True
b- True
c- False
d-True
e-False
f- True
Explanation:
c) Taxonomic hierarchy
e) Blue green algae belonged to Kingdom Monera
(a) Fungi shows _ _ _ mode of nutrition.
(b) Cell wall of fungi is made up of _ _ _
(c) Association between blue green algae and fungi is called as _ _ _
(d) Chemical nature of chitin is _ _ _
(e) _ _ _ has smallest number of organisms with maximum number of similar characters
(f) Plants without well differentiated stem, root and leaf are kept in _ _ _
(g) _ _ _ are called as amphibians of the plant kingdom
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Answer
(a) Fungi shows Saprophytic mode of nutrition.
(b) Cell wall of fungi is made up of Chitin.
(c) Association between blue green algae and fungi is called as Lichens.
(d) Chemical nature of chitin is Carbohydrate.
(e) Species has smallest number of organisms with maximum number of similar characters.
(f) Plants without well differentiated stem, root and leaf are kept in Thallophyta.
(g) Bryophytes are called as amphibians of the plant kingdom.
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Answer
Gram-Dicot
Wheat-Monocot
Rice- Monocot
Pumpkin- Dicot
Maize- Monocot
Pea-Dicot
(A) | (B) |
---|---|
(a) Naked seed | (A) Angiosperms |
(b) Covered seed | (B) Gymnosperms |
(c) Flagella | (C) Bryophytes |
(d) Marchantia | (D) Euglena |
(e) Marsilea | (E) Thallophyta |
(f) Cladophora | (F) Pteridophyta |
(g) Penicillium | (G) Fungi |
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Answer
(A) | (B) |
---|---|
(a) Naked seed | (B) Gymnosperms |
(b) Covered seed | (A) Angiosperms |
(c) Flagella | (D) Euglena |
(d) Marchantia | (C) Bryophytes |
(e) Marsilea | (F) Pteridophyta |
(f) Cladophora | (E) Thallophyta |
(g) Penicillium | (G) Fungi |
(A) | (B) |
---|---|
(a) Pore bearing animals | (A) Arthropoda |
(b) Diploblastic | (B) Coelenterata |
(c) Metameric segmentation | (C) Porifera |
(d) Jointed legs | (D) Echinodermata |
(e) Soft bodied animals | (E) Mollusca |
(f) Spiny skinned animals | (F) Annelida |
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Answer
(A) | (B) |
---|---|
(a) Pore bearing animals | (C) Porifera |
(b) Diploblastic | (B) Coelenterata |
(c) Metameric segmentation | (F) Annelida |
(d) Jointed legs | (A) Arthropoda |
(e) Soft bodied animals | (E) Mollusca |
(f) Spiny skinned animals | (D) Echinodermata |
Spongilla, Sea anemone, | Planaria, | Liver fluke |
---|---|---|
Wuchereria, Ascaris, | Nereis, | Earthworm, |
Scorpion, Birds, | Fishes, | Horse |
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Answer
Spongilla- acoelomate
Sea anemone- acoelomate
Planaria- acoelomate
Liver fluke- acoelomate
Wuchereria-pseudocoelomate
Ascaris-pseudocoelomate
Nereis- coelomate
Earthworm- coelomate
Scorpion- coelomate
Birds- coelomate
Fishes- coelomate
Horse- coelomate
Torpedo, Sting ray, Dog fish,
Rohu, Angler fish, Exocoetus
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Answer
Torpedo- cartilagenous
Sting ray- cartilagenous
Dog fish- cartilagenous
Rohu- bony
Angler fish- bony
Exocoetus- bony
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Answer
Rohu- 2 chambered
Scoliodon-2 chambered
Frog-3 chambered
Salamander-3 chambered
Flying lizard-3 chambered
King Cobra-3 chambered
Crocodile-4 chambered
Ostrich-4chambered
Bat-4chambered
Whale-4 chambered
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Answer
Rohu- Cold Blooded
Scolidon- Cold Blooded
Flying lizard- Cold Blooded
King Kobra- Cold Blooded
Frog- Cold Blooded
Salamander- Cold Blooded
Ostrich- Warm Blooded
Pigeon- Warm Blooded
Bat- Warm Blooded
Crocodile- Cold Blooded
Whale- Warm Blooded
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Answer
Billed platypus and the echidna are two egg laying mammals
(a) Five kingdom classification of living organisms is given by _ _ _
(b) Basic smallest unit of classification is _ _ _
(c) Prokaryotes are grouped in Kingdom _ _ _
(d) Paramecium is a protista because of its _ _ _
(e) Fungi do not contain _ _ _
(f) A fungus _ _ _ can be seen without microscope.
(g) Common fungi used in preparing the bread is _ _ _
(h) Algae and fungi form symbiotic association called _ _ _
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Answer
(a) Five kingdom classification of living organisms is given by Robert Whittaker.
(b) Basic smallest unit of classification is Species.
(c) Prokaryotes are grouped in Kingdom Monera.
(d) Paramecium is a protista because of its Eukaryotic unicellular morphology.
(e) Fungi do not contain Chlorophyll.
(f) A fungus Mushroom can be seen without microscope.
(g) Common fungi used in preparing the bread is Yeast.
(h) Algae and fungi form symbiotic association called Lichens.
(a) Gymnosperms differ from Angiosperms in having covered seed.
(b) Non flowering plants are called Cryptogamae.
(c) Bryophytes have conducting tissue.
(d) Funaria is a moss.
(e) Compound leaves are found in many ferns.
(f) Seeds contain embryo.
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Answer
Answers-
a) False
b) True
c) True
d) True
e) True
(a) Bilateral, dorsiventral symmetry is found in
(b) Worms causing disease elephantiasis is-_.
(c) Open circulatory system is found in_w where coelomic cavity is filled with blood.
(d) - are known to have pseudocoelom.
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Answer
(a) Bilateral, dorsiventral symmetry is found in Liver Fluke.
(b) Worms causing disease elephantiasis is Filarial worm.
(c) Open circulatory system is found in Arthropods where coelomic cavity is filled with blood.
(d) Nematodes are known to have pseudocoelom.
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Answer
a) Dorsal fin
b) Caudal fin
c) Pelvic fin
d) Pectoral fin
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Answer
a) Thallophyta
b) Vascular tissue without specialization
c) Pteridopphyta
d) Phanerogams
e) Bare naked seeds
f) Angiosperms
g) Seeds with two cotyledons
h) Monocots
Long Answer Questions
50. Write names of few thallophytes. Draw a labelled diagram of Spirogyra.
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Answer
Ulothrix, Spirogyra, Cladophara, Ulva and Chara are few of the examples for Thallophytes
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Answer
Thallophyta, bryophyta and pteridophyta are called as ‘Cryptogams’ because the reproductive organs of plants in all these three groups are very inconspicuous, and they are therefore called ‘cryptogams’, or ’those with hidden reproductive organs’. In these plants seeds are absent.
Example : Pinus
Gymnosperms and Angiosperms are called as ‘phanerogams’ these are the plants plants with well differentiated reproductive parts that ultimately make seeds .
Example: Cycas
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(a) Bilateral symmetry
(b) Coelom
(c) Triploblastic
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Answer
a) Organism with body shapes that are mirror images along a middle line. The internal organs, however, are not necessarily distributed symmetrically. Example: Liver fluke
b) Coelem is a body cavity filled with fluid. Fluid runs the complete length of vertebrates to divide the body of an organism into inner tube and outer tube is called Coelom Example : Butterfly
c) Animals that have 3 embryonic cell layers from which differentiated tissues are made are called triploblastic organisms. Ex: Star Fish
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Answer
The organisms given in the question does not belong to a common group of organisms. Leech and Nereis are annelids but Scolopendra, prawn and scorpion are arthropods
Annelids have metamerically segmented body. In Metamerically segmented body body is divided into many segments internally by septa. From head to tail body segments are lined up one after the other. Arthropoda have jointed legs and open circulating system.
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Answer
Among Bacteria, Mushroom and Mango tree; Mango tree is the complex and evolved organism Because it is Eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophic terrestrial plant. It is an angiosperm and its seeds are covered. It reproductive organs and accumulated in the flower hence it is called as a flowering plant.
Bacteria are prokaryotic unicellular organisms and fungi are heterotrophic thallophytes with no body differentiation. Hence mango tree is evolved more than bacteria and fungi.
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Answer
Sl No |
Flying lizard is a reptile | Bird belongs to class-Aves. |
---|---|---|
1 | Ectothermic or cold-blooded, terrestrial or aquatic vertebrates. |
Warm-blooded, tetrapodous vertebrates (birds) with various flight adaptations. Size ranges from smallest humming bird to largest ostrich. |
2 | Body covered with dry water-proof skin having horny epidermal scales or dermal acute plates. |
Persist on the feet but feathers cover most of the body. |
3 | Body varies in form and is usually divided into head, neck, trunk and tail. |
Spindle or boat-shaped body is divisible into head, neck, trunk and tail. |
4 | Limbs are tetrapodous pentadacytle (five-toed) type; with clawed digits (limbs are absent in snakes and some lizards). |
Fore-limbs modified into wings for flight, Hind-limbs bear four clawed digits and are adapted for walking, perching, or swimming. |
5 | Teeth are present in all reptiles except in tortoises and turtles. |
Narrow jaws form a horny beak, which is modified for different purpose. Teeth are absent. |
6 | Respiration is through lungs only. No gills are present. |
They breathe through lungs. |
7 | Heart is three chambered and is divided into two auricles and an incompletely divided ventricle. Only crocodiles have four-chambered heart. |
Four-chambered heart with two auricles and two ventricles. |
8 | Fertilisation is internal. Most reptiles are ’ oviparous and lay their eggs with tough covering and do not need to lay their eggs in water. A few reptiles are viviparous, (e.g., lizards and snakes). No aquatic larval stage. |
Fertilization is internal. They are oviparous and lay large, yolk-laden eggs having hard shell. |
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Flying Lizard
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Sparrow
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Answer
- All are Eukaryotes
- They are multicellular
- They are heterotrophic in nature
- All Have Notochord
- Presence of four chambered heart
- have a dorsal nerve cord
- All are triploblastic
- have paired gill pouches
- They are coelomate.
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Answer
Because both have certain common feature which are listed below.
- These animals are cold-blooded,
- They have scales and breathe through lungs.
- Both of them have a three-chambered heart
- Both of them lay eggs with tough coverings and do not need to lay their eggs in water