Human Physiology:Digestion and Absorption – 3
The anotomy or the structures of diffrent part of the elementary
graph TB
A[Elementary Anatomy] --> B[Cell]
A --> C[Tissue]
A --> D[Organ]
A --> E[System]
B --> F[Cell Membrane]
B --> G[Cytoplasm]
B --> H[Nucleus]
C --> I[Epithelial Tissue]
C --> J[Connective Tissue]
D --> K[Heart]
D --> L[Lung]
E --> M[Circulatory System]
E --> N[Respiratory System]
The salivary gland
graph TB
A[Salivary Gland] --> B[Types]
B --> C[Parotid Glands]
B --> D[Submandibular Glands]
B --> E[Sublingual Glands]
A --> F[Functions]
F --> G[Saliva Production]
F --> H[Digestion]
F --> I[Protection]
A --> J[Diseases]
J --> K[Salivary Stones]
J --> L[Sjogren's Syndrome]
J --> M[Salivary Gland Tumors]
Function of saliva
graph TB
A[Function of Saliva]
A --> B1[Digestion]
B1 --> C1[Breaks down food]
B1 --> C2[Starts carbohydrate digestion]
A --> B2[Protection]
B2 --> C3[Kills bacteria]
B2 --> C4[Protects teeth from decay]
A --> B3[Lubrication]
B3 --> C5[Helps in swallowing]
B3 --> C6[Keeps mouth moist]
Gastric glands
graph TD;
A[Gastric Glands]
A --> B[Cardiac Glands]
A --> C[Pyloric Glands]
A --> D[Fundic Glands]
B --> E[Location: Cardia of Stomach]
C --> F[Location: Pylorus of Stomach]
D --> G[Location: Body of Stomach]
E --> H[Secretes: Mucus]
F --> I[Secretes: Gastrin]
G --> J[Secretes: Gastric Acid, Intrinsic Factor, Pepsinogen, Ghrelin]
Digestive enzymes and Acid
graph TB
DE["Digestive Enzymes"]
A["Acid"]
DE --> A
DE --> E1["Amylase"]
DE --> E2["Protease"]
DE --> E3["Lipase"]
A --> H["Hydrochloric Acid"]
A --> G["Gastric Acid"]
E1 --> C1["Carbohydrates"]
E2 --> P1["Proteins"]
E3 --> F1["Fats"]
The Liver
graph TB
A[Liver] --> B[Functions]
B --> C[Detoxification]
B --> D[Protein Synthesis]
B --> E[Production of bile]
B --> F[Storage of glycogen]
A --> G[Diseases]
G --> H[Hepatitis]
G --> I[Cirrhosis]
G --> J[Liver Cancer]
A --> K[Anatomy]
K --> L[Right Lobe]
K --> M[Left Lobe]
K --> N[Caudate Lobe]
K --> O[Quadrate Lobe]
Hepatic Lobule
graph TB
HL[Hepatic Lobule]
HL --> PC[Portal Canal]
HL --> CV[Central Vein]
HL --> HC[Hepatocytes]
HL --> SB[Space of Disse]
HL --> SL[Sinusoidal Lining]
PC --> PV[Portal Vein]
PC --> HA[Hepatic Artery]
PC --> BD[Bile Duct]
CV --> HV[Hepatic Vein]
HC --> B[Bile]
SB --> LF[Lymph Fluid]
SL --> BC[Blood Cells]
Liver Function
graph TB
A[Liver Function]
B[Detoxification]
C[Protein Synthesis]
D[Production of bile]
E[Storage of glycogen]
F[Decomposition of red blood cells]
G[Plasma protein synthesis]
H[Hormone production]
A --> B
A --> C
A --> D
A --> E
A --> F
A --> G
A --> H
Gall Bladder
graph TD;
A[Gall Bladder];
A --> B[Bile];
B --> C[Bile Acids];
B --> D[Bile Salts];
A --> E[Function];
E --> F[Digestion of Fats];
E --> G[Concentration of Bile];
A --> H[Diseases];
H --> I[Gallstones];
H --> J[Gallbladder Cancer];
H --> K[Cholecystitis];
Composition of Bile
graph TB
Bile(Composition of Bile)
Bile --> BileSalts(Bile Salts)
Bile --> Bilirubin(Bilirubin)
Bile --> Cholesterol(Cholesterol)
Bile --> Electrolytes(Electrolytes)
Bile --> Water(Water)
BileSalts --> SodiumGlycocholate(Sodium Glycocholate)
BileSalts --> SodiumTaurocholate(Sodium Taurocholate)
Bilirubin --> UnconjugatedBilirubin(Unconjugated Bilirubin)
Bilirubin --> ConjugatedBilirubin(Conjugated Bilirubin)
Cholesterol --> FreeCholesterol(Free Cholesterol)
Cholesterol --> CholesterolEsters(Cholesterol Esters)
Electrolytes --> Sodium(Sodium)
Electrolytes --> Potassium(Potassium)
Electrolytes --> Bicarbonate(Bicarbonate)
Electrolytes --> Chloride(Chloride)
Pancreas
graph TD;
A(Pancreas);
A --> B(Endocrine Function);
B --> C(Insulin);
B --> D(Glucagon);
A --> E(Exocrine Function);
E --> F(Digestive Enzymes);
E --> G(Bicarbonate);
Intestinal Glands
graph TB
A[Intestinal Glands]
A --> B[Crypts of Lieberkuhn]
A --> C[Goblet Cells]
A --> D[Paneth Cells]
A --> E[Enteroendocrine Cells]
A --> F[Stem Cells]
B --> G[Produce Intestinal Juice]
C --> H[Produce Mucus]
D --> I[Secrete Lysozyme]
E --> J[Secrete Hormones]
F --> K[Regenerate Cells]
