Human Physiology:Body Fluids and Circulation – 2
Circulatory Pathways
graph TB
A[Circulatory Pathways]
A --> B[Arterial System]
A --> C[Venous System]
B --> D[Arteries]
B --> E[Arterioles]
B --> F[Capillaries]
C --> G[Veins]
C --> H[Venules]
C --> I[Capillaries]
D --> J[Aorta]
E --> K[Smaller Arterioles]
F --> L[Microscopic Vessels]
G --> M[Superior and Inferior Vena Cava]
H --> N[Smaller Venules]
I --> O[Microscopic Vessels]
Vertebrates System
graph TB
Vertebrates_System --> Mammals
Vertebrates_System --> Birds
Vertebrates_System --> Fish
Vertebrates_System --> Amphibians
Vertebrates_System --> Reptiles
Mammals --> Placental_Mammals
Mammals --> Marsupials
Mammals --> Monotremes
Birds --> Passerines
Birds --> Non_Passerines
Fish --> Bony_Fish
Fish --> Cartilaginous_Fish
Fish --> Jawless_Fish
Amphibians --> Frogs
Amphibians --> Salamanders
Amphibians --> Caecilians
Reptiles --> Turtles
Reptiles --> Lizards_and_Snakes
Reptiles --> Crocodilians
Reptiles --> Birds
Human Circulation
graph TB
A[Human Circulation]
A --> B[Cardiovascular System]
B --> C[Heart]
C --> D1[Right Atrium]
C --> D2[Right Ventricle]
C --> D3[Left Atrium]
C --> D4[Left Ventricle]
B --> E[Blood Vessels]
E --> F1[Arteries]
E --> F2[Veins]
E --> F3[Capillaries]
A --> G[Blood]
G --> H1[Red Blood Cells]
G --> H2[White Blood Cells]
G --> H3[Platelets]
G --> H4[Plasma]
The Human Heart
graph TB
A[The Human Heart]
A --> B[Anatomy]
B --> B1[Chambers]
B --> B2[Valves]
B --> B3[Major Blood Vessels]
A --> C[Functions]
C --> C1[Pumping Blood]
C --> C2[Supplying Oxygen and Nutrients]
A --> D[Diseases]
D --> D1[Coronary Artery Disease]
D --> D2[Heart Failure]
D --> D3[Arrhythmia]
A --> E[Study and Research]
The Heart Valves
graph TB
A[Heart Valves]
B[Aortic Valve]
C[Pulmonary Valve]
D[Mitral Valve]
E[Tricuspid Valve]
A --> B
A --> C
A --> D
A --> E
B --> F{Oxygenated Blood}
C --> G{Deoxygenated Blood}
D --> H{Oxygenated Blood}
E --> I{Deoxygenated Blood}
Rhythmical Excitation Of The Heart
graph TB
RE[Rhythmical Excitation Of The Heart] --> SA[SA Node]
RE --> AV[AV Node]
RE --> BB[Bundle Branches]
RE --> PF[Purkinje Fibers]
SA --> A[Atria]
AV --> V[Ventricles]
BB --> V
PF --> V
How Does The Heart Work
graph TB
A[How Does The Heart Work]
A --> B[Heart Anatomy]
B --> C1[Four Chambers]
B --> C2[Valves]
B --> C3[Major Blood Vessels]
A --> D[Heart Function]
D --> E1[Blood Circulation]
E1 --> F1[Oxygenated Blood]
E1 --> F2[Deoxygenated Blood]
D --> E2[Heartbeat Regulation]
E2 --> F3[Sinoatrial Node]
E2 --> F4[Atrioventricular Node]
E2 --> F5[Purkinje Fibers]
Heart Sounds
graph TD;
A[Heart Sounds] --> B((S1));
A --> C((S2));
B --> D{Lub};
C --> E{Dub};
D --> F[Closing of Mitral and Tricuspid Valves];
E --> G[Closing of Aortic and Pulmonic Valves];
Double Circulation
graph TB
A[Double Circulation]
B[Systemic Circulation]
C[Pulmonary Circulation]
D[Heart]
E[Body]
F[Lungs]
A --> B
A --> C
B --> D
B --> E
C --> D
C --> F
D --> E
E --> F
Regulation Of Cardiac Activity
graph TB
A[Regulation Of Cardiac Activity]
A --> B[Autonomic Nervous System]
B --> C[Sympathetic Nervous System]
B --> D[Parasympathetic Nervous System]
A --> E[Hormonal Control]
E --> F[Epinephrine]
E --> G[Norepinephrine]
A --> H[Intrinsic Control]
H --> I[Sinoatrial Node]
H --> J[Atrioventricular Node]
Disorders Of The Circulatory System
graph TD;
A[Disorders Of The Circulatory System] --> B[Heart Diseases];
A --> C[Blood Vessel Diseases];
A --> D[Blood Diseases];
B --> E[Coronary Artery Disease];
B --> F[Heart Failure];
B --> G[Arrhythmia];
C --> H[Hypertension];
C --> I[Atherosclerosis];
C --> J[Varicose Veins];
D --> K[Anemia];
D --> L[Leukemia];
D --> M[Hemophilia];
