Genetics and Evolution: Molecular Basis of Inheritance – 5
Aim
graph TD;
A[Aim] --> B[Biology];
B --> C[Cell Biology];
B --> D[Genetics];
B --> E[Ecology];
B --> F[Evolution];
B --> G[Physiology];
C --> H[Cell Structure];
C --> I[Cell Function];
D --> J[DNA];
D --> K[Genes];
E --> L[Population Biology];
E --> M[Conservation];
F --> N[Natural Selection];
F --> O[Speciation];
G --> P[Animal Physiology];
G --> Q[Plant Physiology];
What is Dna replication
graph TD;
A[DNA Replication];
B[Helicase];
C[DNA Polymerase];
D[Leading Strand];
E[Lagging Strand];
F[Okazaki Fragments];
G[DNA Ligase];
A-->B;
B-->C;
C-->D;
C-->E;
E-->F;
F-->G;
Why DNA replication is essential
graph TB
A["Why DNA replication is essential"]
A --> B["Cell Division"]
B --> C["Growth and Development"]
B --> D["Repair and Replacement"]
A --> E["Genetic Consistency"]
E --> F["Maintains Genetic Information"]
E --> G["Ensures Genetic Stability"]
A --> H["Evolution"]
H --> I["Variation"]
H --> J["Adaptation"]
Models of replication
graph TD;
A[Models of Replication] --> B[Semiconservative]
A --> C[Conservative]
A --> D[Dispersive]
B --> E[First Generation]
B --> F[Second Generation]
C --> G[Original DNA]
C --> H[New DNA]
D --> I[Mixture of Old and New DNA]
Conservative model
graph TD;
A[Conservative Model] --> B[Definition];
A --> C[Examples];
A --> D[Importance];
B --> E[In DNA Replication];
B --> F[Preservation of Parental DNA];
C --> G[DNA];
C --> H[Chromosomes];
D --> I[Genetic Stability];
D --> J[Evolutionary Significance];
Semiconservative model
graph TD;
A[Semiconservative Model] --> B[DNA Replication];
B --> C[Parent DNA Molecule];
C --> D1[Original Strand];
C --> D2[Newly Synthesized Strand];
B --> E[Result];
E --> F1[Two DNA Molecules];
F1 --> G1[Each with one original and one new strand];
Dispersive Model
graph TD;
A[Dispersive Model] --> B((DNA Replication));
B --> C{Mechanism};
C --> D[Both strands of the parent molecule are dispersed into two new double helices];
C --> E[Each strand of both daughter molecules contains a mixture of old and newly synthesized DNA];
A --> F[Proposed by];
F --> G[Delbrück and Stent];
F --> H[Cairns];
A --> I[Contradicted by];
I --> J[Experiment of Meselson and Stahl];
Models of replication
graph TB
A[Models of Replication]
A --> B[Semiconservative]
A --> C[Conservative]
A --> D[Dispersive]
B --> E[Each original strand serves as a template]
C --> F[The entire original molecule serves as a template]
D --> G[Both strands of the original molecule serve as templates, but the strands break during replication]
