Properties of Triangles 1 Question 20

20. The sides of a triangle are three consecutive natural numbers and its largest angle is twice the smallest one. Determine the sides of the triangle.

(1991, 4M)

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Solution:

  1. Let ABC be the triangle such that the lengths of its sides CA,AB and BC are (x1),x and (x+1) respectively, where xN and x>1. Let B=α be the smallest angle and A=2α be the largest angle.

Then, by sine rule, we have

sinαx1=sin2αx+1sin2αsinα=x+1x12cosα=x+1x1cosα=x+12(x1)

Also, cosα=x2+(x+1)2(x1)22x(x+1) [using cosine law]

cosα=x+42(x+1)

From Eqs. (i) and (ii),

x+12(x1)=x+42(x+1)(x+1)2=(x+4)(x1)x2+2x+1=x2+3x4x=5

Hence, the lengths of the sides of the triangle are 4, 5 and 6 units.



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