Thermodynamics and Thermochemistry - Result Question 77

####2. The difference between ΔH and ΔU(ΔHΔU), when the combustion of one mole of heptane (l) is carried out at a temperature T, is equal to

(2019 Main, 10 April II)

(a) 4RT

(b) 3RT

(c) 4RT

(d) 3RT

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Solution:

 Key Idea The relation between ΔH and ΔU is  ΔH=ΔU+ΔngRT

 where, Δng=ΣnpΣnR

= number of moles of gaseous products - number of moles of gaseous reactants.

The general combustion reaction of a hydrocarbon is as follows :

CxHy+(x+y4)O2xCO2+y2H2O

For heptane, x=7,y=16

C7H16(l)+11O2(g)7CO2(g)+8H2O(l) Δng=711=4

Now, from the principle of thermochemistry,

ΔH=ΔU+ΔngRT ΔHΔU=ΔngRT=4RT



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