p-Block Elements-I - Result Question 3

####3. The relative stability of +1 oxidation state of group 13 elements follows the order

(2019 Main, 11 Jan II)

(a) Al<Ga<Tl< In

(b) Al<Ga< In <Tl

(c) Tl < In < Ga < Al

(d) Ga<Al< In <Tl

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Answer:

Correct Answer: 3. (c)

Solution:

  1. The stability order of +3 and +1 oxidation states of group 13 elements will be:

B3+>Al3+>Ga3+>In3+»Tl3+  (order of +3 oxidation state) 

The presence of two oxidation states in p-block elements is due to the inert pair effect.

Because of the presence of poor shielding d and f-orbitals, as we move from Ga to Tl, effective nuclear charge of these elements increases so as to hold the valence ns2 electrons tightly. It causes difficulty to the ionisation of ns2-electrons and it remains inert, only np1-electron ionises to give +1 oxidation state.



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