Table 1: Types of Meristematic Tissue
| Type of Meristem | Location in Plant | Function |
|---|---|---|
| Apical Meristem | Tips of roots and shoots | Responsible for primary growth (length) |
| Lateral Meristem | Sides of stems and roots | Responsible for secondary growth (girth) |
| Intercalary Meristem | Between mature tissues (e.g., at the base of leaves or internodes in grasses) | Regrowth after cutting/grazing and contributes to lengthening of the plant |
Table 2: Comparison of Xylem and Phloem
| Feature | Xylem | Phloem |
|---|---|---|
| Function | Transports water and minerals from roots to other plant parts | Transports sugars and other metabolic products downward from the leaves |
| Direction of Flow | Typically upward, from roots to leaves | Bidirectional, to and from storage organs and growing regions |
| Cell Types | Tracheids and vessel elements (in angiosperms); predominantly tracheids (in gymnosperms) | Sieve tube elements and companion cells |
| Transport Mechanism | Passive transport driven by transpiration pull and root pressure | Active transport involving osmotic pressure |
| Mechanical Support | Provides mechanical support due to lignified cell walls | Does not provide mechanical support |
