याद रखने योग्य अवधारणाएँ और फॉर्मूला
-
Transcription:
- Process of copying DNA information into RNA.
- Occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
-
RNA Polymerase:
- Enzyme responsible for transcription.
- Binds to the promoter region of DNA.
-
Promoter:
- Specific DNA sequence before the coding region.
- Recognized by RNA polymerase to initiate transcription.
-
Sigma Factor:
- In prokaryotes, guides RNA polymerase to the promoter.
-
Transcription of Protein-Coding Gene:
- Copies genetic information from DNA to mRNA.
-
Promoter Proximal Element:
- Regulatory DNA sequence near the promoter.
- Influences transcription initiation.
-
Mature mRNA Structure:
- 5’ Cap: Added to the 5’ end for stability and translation.
- Coding Region (Exons): Contains protein-coding sequences.
- 3’ Poly-A Tail: Added to the 3’ end for stability and export.
-
Production of Mature mRNA:
- Involves transcription, capping, polyadenylation, and splicing.
-
5’ Modification (Capping):
- Protects mRNA from degradation.
- Facilitates export and translation.
-
Processing of Pre-mRNA to Mature mRNA:
- Steps include capping, polyadenylation, splicing, and transport.
-
Steps of Pre-mRNA Processing:
- Transcription, capping, polyadenylation, splicing, and transport.
