Magnetization Magnetism And Matter
Key Concepts:
1. Types of Magnetic Materials:
- Diamagnetic: Weakly repelled by magnetic fields.
- Paramagnetic: Weakly attracted to magnetic fields.
- Ferromagnetic: Strongly attracted to magnetic fields.
2. Ferromagnetism:
- Requires unpaired electrons.
- Electrons align creating domains.
3. Magnetic Dipole Moment:
- Strength of a magnet.
- Determined by magnetic poles and distance between them.
4. Current-Carrying Wire:
- Magnetic field proportional to current and coil turns.
- Right-hand rule determines field direction.
5. Solenoid:
- Magnetic field similar to a bar magnet.
- North and south poles at ends.
6. Toroid:
- Zero magnetic field inside.
- Loop fields cancel each other.
7. Changing Magnetic Properties:
- Heat, cool, or apply a magnetic field.
- Alter material’s magnetic behavior.
8. Hysteresis:
- Magnetization lags behind applied field changes.
- Causes hysteresis loops.
9. Magnetic Susceptibility:
- Quantifies material’s magnetization ability.
- Positive for paramagnetic, negative for diamagnetic materials.
10. Curie Temperature:
- Transition temperature from ferromagnetic to paramagnetic.
- Material’s magnetic properties change abruptly.
11. Curie-Weiss Law:
- Relates magnetic susceptibility of paramagnetic materials to temperature.
- Linear relationship above the Curie temperature.
