Ethical Issues:

• Ethical issues in biotechnology involve moral dilemmas related to gene manipulation and living organisms.

• Concerns include potential risks, unintended consequences, equitable benefits, and the rights of affected individuals and communities.

Turmeric:

• Turmeric is a spice with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties used in traditional medicine.

• Debates about biopiracy occur when turmeric-based formulations are patented without acknowledging traditional uses.

The Problem of Food Security:

• Food security concerns availability, access, and utilization of safe, nutritious food.

• Biotechnology addresses this through GM crops resistant to pests, diseases, and adverse conditions.

Benefits of GM Crops:

• GM crops enhance resistance, reduce pesticides, increase yields, and improve nutrition.

• They contribute to food security and sustainable agriculture.

Health Risks of GM Crops:

• Concerns include allergic reactions, unintended effects, and antibiotic resistance markers.

• Safety assessments and regulations mitigate risks.

Pharmaceutical Products:

• Genetic engineering produces pharmaceuticals cost-effectively.

• It revolutionizes the industry using genetically engineered organisms.

Ethics of Disease Prevention:

• Ethics relate to genetic testing, counseling, and disease prevention interventions.

• Dilemmas arise in decision-making and the use of genetic information.

Patenting Traditional Knowledge:

• Issues revolve around appropriating indigenous or traditional knowledge.

• It includes patenting plants, medicines, or techniques without recognizing or benefiting source communities.

Biopiracy:

• Biopiracy involves unethical appropriation of biological resources or knowledge from indigenous communities.

• It raises questions about equitable benefit-sharing and respect for traditional knowledge.

Neem:

• Neem is a medicinal tree from India known for pesticidal, anti-inflammatory, and antifungal properties.

• Concerns about biopiracy arise due to patenting neem-derived products without recognizing traditional uses.