Transgenic Animals:

• Transgenic animals have foreign genes introduced into their genome via genetic engineering.

• They are used in research to study gene function, model human diseases, and develop therapies.

• The foreign genes become part of the animal’s DNA, allowing researchers to study specific gene effects.

Transgenesis:

• Transgenesis is the process of introducing foreign genes into an organism’s genome.

• It’s crucial in biotechnology and genetic research for manipulating gene functions.

• In transgenic animals, foreign DNA is introduced into germ line cells for inheritance.

Transgenesis Steps:

1. Gene Isolation: Select and isolate the desired gene from another source.

2. DNA Delivery: Introduce the isolated gene into the host organism’s DNA.

3. Selection and Screening: Identify transgenic animals and confirm the presence of the desired gene.

4. Breeding and Maintenance: Breed and maintain transgenic animals for further study.

Examples of Transgenic Animals:

1. Transgenic Mice: Used for modeling diseases and testing treatments.

2. Transgenic Zebrafish: Study developmental biology and genetics due to transparent embryos.

3. Transgenic Cows: Engineered to produce specialized milk.

4. Transgenic Pigs: Investigate organ transplantation and xenotransplantation.

5. Transgenic Fruit Flies (Drosophila): Used for studying genetics and development.

6. Transgenic Sheep: Produce human proteins in milk for therapeutic purposes.