current-electricity Question 33

Question: Q. 11. (i) Derive an expression for drift velocity of free electrons.

(ii) How does drift velocity of electrons in a metallic conductor vary with increase in temperature ? Explain.

U [Delhi I, II, III 2016]

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Solution:

Ans. (i) When a potential difference is applied across a conductor, an electric field is produced and free electrons are acted upon by an electric force (Fe=Ee). Due to this, electrons accelerate and keep colliding with each other and acquire a constant (average) velocity vd, which is known as drift velocity.

Fe=Ee Fe=eVl

 As a=Fem=eVml  as v=u+at v=vdu=0,t=τ (relaxation time)  vd=aτ vd=eVlmτ

(ii) Decreases, as time of relaxation decreases.

[CBSE Marking Scheme, 2016]



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