Tamilnadu State Board
PHYSICS-XI
UNIT I: Physical World and Measurement
- Nature of Physical Laws
- Scope and Method of Physics
- Units of measurements
- Dimensional analysis
UNIT II: Kinematics
UNIT III: Laws of Motion
- Newton’s Laws of Motion
- Applications of Newton’s Laws
- Friction
UNIT IV: Work, Energy, and Power
- Work Done by a Force
- Energy and its Types
- Power
- Conservation of Energy
UNIT V: Motion of System of Particles and Rigid Body
- Centre of Mass
- Linear Momentum
- Rotational Motion
- Moment of Inertia
UNIT VI: Gravitation
UNIT VII: Properties of Bulk Matter
- Elasticity
- Viscosity
- Surface Tension
- Fluid Mechanics
UNIT VIII: Thermodynamics
- Thermodynamic Processes
- Heat Engines
- Entropy
UNIT IX: Behaviour of Perfect Gas and Kinetic Theory
- Ideal Gas Laws
- Kinetic Theory of Gases
UNIT X: Oscillations and Waves
- Simple Harmonic Motion
- Wave Motion
- Sound Waves
PHYSICS-XII
UNIT I: Electrostatics
- Electric charges
- Coulomb’s law
- Electric field
- potential,
- Gauss’s law
UNIT II: Current Electricity
- Ohm’s law
- Kirchhoff’s laws
- Electrical resistivity,
- combination of resistors
UNIT III: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism
- Biot-Savart law,
- Ampere’s law
- Magnetic field due to a current,
- magnetic properties of materials
UNIT IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents
- Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction
- Lenz’s law
- self and mutual inductance
- Alternating currents
- LC oscillations
UNIT V: Electromagnetic Waves
- Nature of Electromagnetic Waves
- Electromagnetic Spectrum
- Propagation and Applications
UNIT VI: Optics
- Reflection and refraction,
- total internal reflection
- Lens and mirrors,
- optical instruments
- Wave nature of light,
- interference
- diffraction
UNIT VII: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
- Photoelectric Effect
- Einstein’s photoelectric equation
- Matter waves,
- de Broglie hypothesis
UNIT VIII: Atoms and Nuclei
- Atomic models,
- Bohr model
- of hydrogen atom
- Atomic spectra,
- nuclear reactions
- Radioactivity,
- nuclear fission
- and fusion
UNIT IX: Electronic Devices
- Semiconductor materials,
- p-n junction
- Semiconductor diode,
- transistor as an amplifier
- Logic gates,
- communication systems
CHEMISTRY-XI
UNIT I: Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
- Importance of chemistry,
- nature of matter
- Laws of chemical combination,
- Dalton’s atomic theory
- Atomic and molecular masses,
- mole concept
UNIT II: Structure of Atom
- Discovery of subatomic particles
- Atomic models: Thomson,
- Rutherford,
- Bohr models
- Quantum mechanical model of atom
UNIT III: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties
- Modern periodic table,
- periodic trends
- Atomic and ionic radii,
- ionization energy,
- electron affinity
UNIT IV: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
- Ionic and covalent bonding
- Molecular geometry,
- VSEPR theory
- Hybridization,
- Valence bond theory
UNIT V: States of Matter: Gases and Liquids
- Kinetic theory of gases,
- ideal gas equation
- Deviation from ideal behavior,
- liquefaction of gases
- Properties of liquids,
- surface tension,
- viscosity
UNIT VI: Thermodynamics
- Concepts of system,
- surroundings,
- types of systems
- Laws of thermodynamics,
- enthalpy
- entropy
UNIT VII: Equilibrium
- Chemical Equilibrium
- equilibrium constant
- Le Chatelier’s principle
- factors affecting equilibrium
UNIT VIII: Redox Reactions
- Oxidation-reduction reactions,
- balancing of equations
- Electrochemical cells,
- Nernst equation
UNIT IX: Hydrogen
- Position in periodic table,
- isotopes
- Preparation,
- properties,
- and uses of hydrogen
- Hydrides,
- water,
- heavy water
UNIT X: s-Block Element (Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals)
- General Characteristics,
- reactions with water
- Anomalous properties of lithium,
- beryllium
UNIT XI: Some p-Block Elements
- Properties of p-Block Elements
UNIT XII: Organic Chemistry – Some Basic Principles and Techniques
- Organic Compounds
- Nomenclature
- Isomerism
UNIT XIII: Hydrocarbons
UNIT XIV: Environmental Chemistry
- Pollution
- Environmental Issues
CHEMISTRY-XII
UNIT I: Solid State
- Classification of solids,
- crystal lattice
- Crystal defects,
- electrical and magnetic properties
UNIT II: Solutions
- Types of solutions,
- Raoult’s law
- Colligative properties
- abnormal molar mass
UNIT III: Electrochemistry
- Electrochemical cells
- Nernst equation
- Conductance,
- Kohlrausch’s law,
- batteries
UNIT IV: Chemical Kinetics
- Rate of Reaction
- Factors Affecting Rates
- Order and molecularity,
- integrated Rate laws
UNIT V: Surface Chemistry
- Adsorption,
- catalysis,
- colloids
- Emulsions,
- micelles,
- applications
UNIT VI: General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements
- Occurrence,
- concentration methods
- Extraction of metals,
- refining
UNIT VII: p-Block Elements
- Group 15 to 18 elements,
- properties,
- and compounds
- uses,
- environmental aspects
UNIT VIII: d and f Block Elements
- Transition metals,
- lanthanides,
- actinides
- Coordination compounds,
- Werner’s theory
UNIT IX: Coordination Compounds
- Nomenclature,
- isomerism,
- bonding
- Crystal field theory,
- applications
UNIT X: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
- Preparation,
- physical and chemical properties
- uses,
- environmental effects
UNIT XI: Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers
UNIT XII: Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids
- Nomenclature,
- preparation,
- properties
- Chemical reactions,
- uses
UNIT XIII: Organic Compounds containing Nitrogen
- Amines
- nitro compounds,
- diazonium salts
- Cyanides,
- isocyanides,
- and their uses
UNIT XIV: Biomolecules
- Carbohydrates
- proteins
- lipids,
- nucleic acids
- Enzymes
- vitamins
- hormones
UNIT XV: Polymers
- Classification,
- polymerization methods
- Biodegradable polymers,
- uses
UNIT XVI: Chemistry in Everyday Life
- Drugs and medicines,
- cleansing agents
- Food preservatives,
- synthetic fibers
MATHEMATICS-XI
UNIT I: Sets and Functions
UNIT II: Algebra
- Complex Numbers
- quadratic equations
- Matrices
- and determinants
- types of matrices
- operations
- Permutations and combinations,
- binomial theorem
UNIT III: Trigonometry
- Trigonometric ratios,
- identities
- Heights and distances,
- inverse trigonometric functions
UNIT IV: Geometry
- Straight lines and circles,
- conic sections
- Three-dimensional geometry,
- vectors,
- scalar triple product
UNIT V: Statistics and Probability
- Measures of central tendency,
- dispersion
- Probability,
- conditional probability,
- Bayes’ theorem
MATHEMATICS-XII
UNIT I: Relations and Functions
UNIT II: Algebra
- Matrices
- and determinants
- properties
- Inverse of a matrix,
- system of linear equations
UNIT III: Calculus
- Continuity and differentiability
- Differentiation,
- applications of derivatives
- Integration,
- definite integrals,
- applications
UNIT IV: Vectors and Three-dimensional Geometry
- Vectors,
- types of vectors,
- scalar product
- Vector product
- lines and planes in space
UNIT V: Linear Programming
- Introduction to linear programming
- Mathematical formulation,
- graphical method
UNIT VI: Probability
- Probability of an event
- conditional probability
- Bayes’ theorem
- random variables
- distribution
BIOLOGY-XI
UNIT I: Diversity in Living World
- Classification of living organisms
- Five-kingdom Classification system
UNIT II: Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants
- Tissues
- organs,
- organ systems
- Morphology
- anatomy of flowering plants
UNIT III: Cell Structure and Function
- Cell theory,
- cell structure
- Cell organelles and their functions
UNIT IV: Plant Physiology
- Photosynthesis
- respiration
- transpiration
- Plant growth and development
UNIT V: Human Physiology
- Digestive system,
- respiratory system
- Circulatory system,
- Excretory System
- Nervous System
- endocrine system
BIOLOGY-XII
UNIT I: Reproduction in Organisms
- Asexual and sexual reproduction
- Pre-fertilization and post-fertilization events
UNIT II: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
- Flower structure
- development of male and female gametophytes
- Pollination,
- fertilization,
- fruit
- seed formation
UNIT III: Human Reproduction
- Male and female reproductive systems
- Menstrual cycle
- gametogenesis,
- fertilization,
- implantation
- Pregnancy,
- parturition,
- lactation
UNIT IV: Reproductive Health
- Need for reproductive health
- Sexually transmitted diseases,
- birth control methods
- Assisted reproductive technologies
UNIT V: Principles of Inheritance and Variation
- Mendelian inheritance
- deviations
- Chromosomal disorders,
- genetic disorders,
- sex determination
UNIT VI: Molecular Basis of Inheritance
- DNA as genetic material
- structure
- Replication,
- transcription
- translation
- Genetic code
- regulation of gene expression
UNIT VII: Evolution
- Origin of life,
- theories of evolution
- Evidences of evolution,
- Hardy-Weinberg principle
- Adaptive radiation
- convergent and divergent evolution
UNIT VIII: Human Health and Disease
UNIT IX: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
- Plant breeding,
- tissue culture
- Single-cell protein,
- biofortification
- Animal husbandry,
- apiculture,
- pisciculture
UNIT X: Microbes in Human Welfare
- Microbes in household products,
- industrial products
- Sewage treatment
- biogas production
- Biocontrol agents,
- biofertilizers
UNIT XI: Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
- Recombinant DNA technology
- DNA fingerprinting
- Biotechnology in healthcare and agriculture
- Ethical issues in biotechnology
UNIT XII: Organisms and Populations
- Organism and its environment
- Population attributes,
- growth,
- regulation
UNIT XIII: Ecosystem
- Structure,
- function of ecosystem
- Energy flow,
- nutrient cycling (carbon and nitrogen cycles)
UNIT XIV: Biodiversity and Conservation
- Concept of biodiversity
- types,
- importance
- Threats to biodiversity
- conservation strategies
- In-situ and ex-situ conservation,
- biodiversity hotspots
UNIT XV: Environmental Issues
- Air pollution and its control
- Water pollution and its control
- Solid waste management,
- ozone layer depletion
- Global warming,
- sustainable development
