chemistry-class-12-unit-11-chapter-01-phenols-l-1-6-vx3eszkttbg

<p><Success style="float:center;text-align:center;font-size:28px;"> <B>Phenols Lecture-1</B></Success>
<primary style="float:center;text-align:center;font-size:24px;"> <B>Preparation</B></primary></p>
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<ul>
<li>Industrial preparation of phenol</li>
</ul>
<p>I) From coal tar distillation $\rightarrow$ light oil,middle oil,heavy oil $\rightarrow $ Phenol,Naphthalene</p>
<ul>
<li>Middle oil $\rightarrow $ pure phenol boiling point (180-182°C)</li>
</ul>
<p>II) From chloro benzene $\rightarrow$ (Dow’s process)</p>
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<img src="https://imagedelivery.net/YfdZ0yYuJi8R0IouXWrMsA/f54b382f-6435-4762-d2be-e6da315a3b00/public" width="100%" >

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<footer style="font-size:18px;"> Phenol $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Preparation</span> $\rightarrow$ Lab scale preparation $\rightarrow$ Reactions of phenols $\rightarrow$ Lab scale preparation $\rightarrow$ Reactions of phenols </footer>

<p><Success style="float:center;text-align:center;font-size:28px;"> <B>Phenols Lecture-1</B></Success></p>
<p><primary style="float:center;text-align:center;font-size:24px;"> <B>Reactions of phenols</B></primary></p>
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<p>(iii) Acidic nature of phenols(Pha in $H_2O$ at $25^oC$) $\rightarrow$ blue litmus Red, Dissolves in alkali, No effervesence with $NaHCO_3$ soln</p>
<p>$RCOOH>ArOH(Weak \hspace{1mm} acid)>ROH$ (million times more acidic)</p>
<p>$C_6H_5-OH (Weak \hspace{1mm} acid)+H_2O \rightleftharpoons C_6H_5-O^-+H_3^+O$</p>
<p>$C_6H_5- \ddot O:-H \leftrightarrow C_6H_5-O^+H \leftrightarrow C_6H_5-O^+ \leftrightarrow C_6H_5=O \leftrightarrow —-$</p>
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<p><img alt="image" src="/subject-images/iitpal/image/chemistry-class-12-unit-11-chapter-01-phenols-l-1_6-vx3eszkttbg-11.jpg"></p>
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</main>
<hr>
<footer style="font-size:18px;"> Phenol $\rightarrow$ Preparation $\rightarrow$ Lab scale preparation $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Reactions of phenols</span> $\rightarrow$ Lab scale preparation $\rightarrow$ Reactions of phenols </footer>

<p><Success style="float:center;text-align:center;font-size:28px;"> <B>Phenols Lecture-1</B></Success></p>
<p><primary style="float:center;text-align:center;font-size:24px;"> <B>Reactions of phenols</B></primary></p>
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<main>
<div style='float: left; width:50%;font-size:22px;text-align:left'>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>pka</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Phenol</td>
<td>9.89</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2-methylphenol (o-cresol)</td>
<td>10.20</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3-methylphenol (m-cresol)</td>
<td>10.01</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4-methylphenol (p-cresol)</td>
<td>10.17</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2-Chaloro phenol</td>
<td>8.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3-Chaloro phenol</td>
<td>8.80</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4-Chaloro phenol</td>
<td>9.20</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
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<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>pka</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>2- nitrophenol</td>
<td>7.17</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3- nitrophenol</td>
<td>8.28</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4- nitrophenol</td>
<td>7.15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2,4-dinitro phenol</td>
<td>3.96</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2,4,6-trinitis phenol (PICRIC ACID)</td>
<td>0.38</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>cyclohexanol</td>
<td>18.0</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
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<p><img alt="image" src="/subject-images/iitpal/image/chemistry-class-12-unit-11-chapter-01-phenols-l-1_6-vx3eszkttbg-12.jpg"></p>
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</main>
<hr>
<footer style="font-size:18px;"> Phenol $\rightarrow$ Preparation $\rightarrow$ Lab scale preparation $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Reactions of phenols</span> $\rightarrow$ Lab scale preparation $\rightarrow$ Reactions of phenols </footer>

<p><Success style="float:center;text-align:center;font-size:28px;"> <B>Phenols Lecture-1</B></Success></p>
<p><primary style="float:center;text-align:center;font-size:24px;"> <B>Reactions of phenols</B></primary></p>
<hr>
<main>
<div style='float: left; width:60%;font-size:22px;text-align:left'>
<ul>
<li>
<p><strong>$Br_2$ (bromate - bromide method)</strong></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Water (potassium bromate + potassium bromide)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Lewis acid is not neq for bromination</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>(b) Sulfonation</p>


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</main>
<hr>
<footer style="font-size:18px;"> Phenol $\rightarrow$ Preparation $\rightarrow$ Lab scale preparation $\rightarrow$ Reactions of phenols $\rightarrow$ Lab scale preparation $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Reactions of phenols</span> </footer>

<p><Success style="float:center;text-align:center;font-size:28px;"> <B>Phenols Lecture-1</B></Success></p>
<p><primary style="float:center;text-align:center;font-size:24px;"> <B>Reactions of phenols</B></primary></p>
<hr>
<main>
<div style='float: left; width:100%;font-size:22px;text-align:left'>
<p>(d) Friedel Craft’s alkylation $RX/AlCl_3 \rightarrow$ alkyl phenols</p>
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<p><img alt="image" src="/subject-images/iitpal/image/chemistry-class-12-unit-11-chapter-01-phenols-l-1_6-vx3eszkttbg-16.jpg"></p>
</div>
</main>
<hr>
<footer style="font-size:18px;"> Phenol $\rightarrow$ Preparation $\rightarrow$ Lab scale preparation $\rightarrow$ Reactions of phenols $\rightarrow$ Lab scale preparation $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Reactions of phenols</span> </footer>