chemistry-class-12-unit-08-chapter-04-d-and-f-block-elements-l-4-5-lradzsmx3io

<h3 id="success-general-properties-of-transition-element-success"><Success> General properties of transition element </Success></h3>
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### <Success>Development of colored lons</Success>
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<p>Transition metal ion compounds/complexes are often colored because of transitions of electrons between d-orbitals of different energy</p>
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<p>When an electron from a lower energy d orbital is excited to a higher energy d orbital, the energy of excitation corresponds to the frequency of light absorbed</p>
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<p>The color observed corresponds to the complementary color of the light absorbed</p>
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<p>Colours of some of the first row transition metal ions in aqueous solutions</p>
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<p>From left to right $V^{4+},V^{3+},Mn^{2+},Fe^{3+},Co^{2+},Ni^{2+}$ and $Cu^{2+}$</p>
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### <Success>Development of Colored lons</Success>
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<th>Wavelength</th>
<th>Color</th>
<th>Complementary color</th>
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<td>400-424</td>
<td>Violet</td>
<td>Green Yellow</td>
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<td>424-491</td>
<td>Blue</td>
<td>Yellow</td>
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<td>491-570</td>
<td>Green</td>
<td>Violet</td>
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<td>570-585</td>
<td>Yellow</td>
<td>Blue</td>
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<td>585-647</td>
<td>Orange</td>
<td>Cyan-blue</td>
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<td>647-700</td>
<td>Red</td>
<td>Cyan</td>
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<h3 id="successcolors-of-salts-of-3d-transition-metalssuccess"><Success>Colors of salts of 3d transition metals</Success></h3>
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<p>The rare mineral crocoite, $PbCrO_4$, occurs as spectacular long red crystals</p>
<p>$[Ni(NH_3)_6]^{2+}$</p>
<p>$[Ni(en)_3]^{2+}$</p>
<p>$[Ni(Cl)_4]^{2+}$</p>
<p>$[Ni(H_2O)_6]^{2+}$</p>
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