chemistry-class-11-unit-13-chapter-05-hydrocarbons-l-5-8-c-q2-gaucog

### <Success style="font-size:25px"> Hydrocarbons L-5 </Success>
### <primary style="font-size:24px"> Alkyne </primary>
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- Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons 
- They contain at least one triple bond between two carbon atoms
- The number of hydrogen atoms is still less in alkynes as 
- compared to alkenes or alkanes
- Their general formula is $C_nH_{2n–2}$ the first stable

- $H-C≡C-H$
- $CH_3-CH_3$
- $CH_2=CH_2$
- $C_nH_{2n-2}$
- $C_nH_{2n+n}$
- $C_nH_{2n}$

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<footer style = "font-size: 18px"> $\rightarrow$ Hydrocarbons $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Alkyne </span> $\rightarrow$ Structure $\rightarrow$ Nomenclature and isomerism </footer>

### <Success style="font-size:25px"> Hydrocarbons L-5 </Success>
### <primary style="font-size:24px"> Structure </primary>
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- **Alkyne**

- Each carbon atom of ethyne has two sp hybridised orbitals
- Carbon-carbon sigma (σ)bond is obtained by the head-on overlapping of the two sp hybridised orbitals of the two carbon atoms
- The remaining sp hybridised orbital of each carbon atom undergoes overlapping along the internuclear axis with the 1s orbital of each of the two hydrogen atoms forming two C-H sigma bonds
- H-C-C bond angle is of 180°

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<footer style = "font-size: 18px">Hydrocarbons $\rightarrow$ Alkyne $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Structure </span> $\rightarrow$ Nomenclature and isomerism $\rightarrow$ Preparation </footer>

### <Success style="font-size:25px"> Hydrocarbons L-5 </Success>
### <primary style="font-size:24px"> Nomenclature and isomerism </primary>
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- In IUPAC system, they are named as derivatives of the corresponding alkanes replacing ‘ane’ by the suffix ‘yne’
- The position of the triple bond is indicated by the first triply bonded carbon
- Ethyne and propyne have got only one structure
- There are two possible structures for butyne

(i) but-1-yne and (ii) but-2-yne
- These two compounds differ in their structures due to the position of the triple bond, they 
- are known as position isomers

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<footer style = "font-size: 18px">Alkyne $\rightarrow$ Structure $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Nomenclature and isomerism </span> $\rightarrow$ Preparation $\rightarrow$ Alkyne </footer>

### <Success style="font-size:25px"> Hydrocarbons L-5 </Success>
### <primary style="font-size:24px"> Physical properties </primary>
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- First three members are gases
- The next eight are liquids
- The higher ones are solids
- All alkynes are colourless ethyene has characteristic odour
- Odourless
- Polar in nature
- Melting point, boiling point and density increase with increase in molar mass

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<footer style = "font-size: 18px">Preparation $\rightarrow$ Alkyne $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Physical properties </span> $\rightarrow$ Chemical properties $\rightarrow$ Addition of hydrogen </footer>

### <Success style="font-size:25px"> Hydrocarbons L-5 </Success>
### <primary style="font-size:24px"> Chemical properties </primary>
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- Acidity order
 
 
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<footer style = "font-size: 18px">Alkyne $\rightarrow$ Physical properties $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Chemical properties </span> $\rightarrow$ Addition of hydrogen $\rightarrow$ Addition halogen </footer>

### <Success style="font-size:25px"> Hydrocarbons L-5 </Success>
### <primary style="font-size:24px"> Addition halogen </primary>
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<footer style = "font-size: 18px">Chemical properties $\rightarrow$ Addition of hydrogen $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Addition halogen </span> $\rightarrow$ Addition of hydrogen halide $\rightarrow$ Addition of water </footer>

### <Success style="font-size:25px"> Hydrocarbons L-5 </Success>
### <primary style="font-size:24px"> Polymerization </primary>
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<footer style = "font-size: 18px">Addition of water $\rightarrow$ Ozonolysis $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Polymerization </span> $\rightarrow$ Thank you $\rightarrow$  </footer>