biology-class-12-unit-03-chapter-05-reproduction-sexual-reproductionin-flowering-plants-l-5-5-qcgc4ahsbvg

### <Success style="font-size:25px"> Reproduction Sexual Reproductionin Flowering Plants L-5 </Success>
### <primary style="font-size:24px"> Fertilization </primary>
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- Fusion of male and female gametes

- **Process of fertilization**

- 1. Growth of the pollen tube
- 2. Entry of pollen tube into ovule
- 3. Double fertilization

- **Post Fertilization**

- 1. Development of endosperm
- 2. Development of embryo
- 3. Development of seeds
- 4. Development of fruits

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<footer style = "font-size: 18px">Sexual reproduction in flowering plant - (Part 5) $\rightarrow$ Flower $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Fertilization </span> $\rightarrow$ Process of fertilization $\rightarrow$ Entry of pollen tube into ovule </footer>

### <Success style="font-size:25px"> Reproduction Sexual Reproductionin Flowering Plants L-5 </Success>
### <primary style="font-size:24px"> Entry of pollen tube into ovule </primary>
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<footer style = "font-size: 18px">Fertilization $\rightarrow$ Process of fertilization $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Entry of pollen tube into ovule </span> $\rightarrow$ Double fertilization $\rightarrow$ Flower </footer>

### <Success style="font-size:25px"> Reproduction Sexual Reproductionin Flowering Plants L-5 </Success>
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- 1. Development of endosperm from triploied nuclus

* Nuclear

* Cellular

* Helobial

- 2. Zygote will develop into embryo

- 3. Ovule will develop into seed

- 4. Ovary will develop into fruit

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<footer style = "font-size: 18px">Double fertilization $\rightarrow$ Flower $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Development of endosperm from triploid nucleus </span> $\rightarrow$ Endosperm development $\rightarrow$ Stages in the development of cellular endosperm </footer>

### <Success style="font-size:25px"> Reproduction Sexual Reproductionin Flowering Plants L-5 </Success>
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<footer style = "font-size: 18px">Flower $\rightarrow$ Development of endosperm from triploid nucleus $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Endosperm development </span> $\rightarrow$ Stages in the development of cellular endosperm $\rightarrow$ Stages in the development of helobial endosperm </footer>

### <Success style="font-size:25px"> Reproduction Sexual Reproductionin Flowering Plants L-5 </Success>
### <primary style="font-size:24px"> Stages in the development of cellular endosperm </primary>
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<footer style = "font-size: 18px">Development of endosperm from triploid nucleus $\rightarrow$ Endosperm development $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Stages in the development of cellular endosperm </span> $\rightarrow$ Stages in the development of helobial endosperm $\rightarrow$ Development of embryo (Dicot) </footer>

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<footer style = "font-size: 18px">Endosperm development $\rightarrow$ Stages in the development of cellular endosperm $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Stages in the development of helobial endosperm </span> $\rightarrow$ Development of embryo (Dicot) $\rightarrow$ Development of embryo (Monocot) </footer>

### <Success style="font-size:25px"> Reproduction Sexual Reproductionin Flowering Plants L-5 </Success>
### <primary style="font-size:24px"> Development of embryo (Dicot) </primary>
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<footer style = "font-size: 18px">Stages in the development of cellular endosperm $\rightarrow$ Stages in the development of helobial endosperm $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Development of embryo (Dicot) </span> $\rightarrow$ Development of embryo (Monocot) $\rightarrow$ Seed germination </footer>

### <Success style="font-size:25px"> Reproduction Sexual Reproductionin Flowering Plants L-5 </Success>
### <primary style="font-size:24px"> Development of embryo (Monocot) </primary>
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<footer style = "font-size: 18px">Stages in the development of helobial endosperm $\rightarrow$ Development of embryo (Dicot) $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Development of embryo (Monocot) </span> $\rightarrow$ Seed germination $\rightarrow$ Development of fruits </footer>

### <Success style="font-size:25px"> Reproduction Sexual Reproductionin Flowering Plants L-5 </Success>
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- The seed which doesn't grow even after providing suitable growing condition are called as "Dorment seed"

- 1. Water
- 2. Oxygen
- 3. Light
- 4. Moisture

- Seed dormancy broken $\rightarrow$ Auxin & GA

<p style='font-size:20px;'>Proteolytic enzyme $\rightarrow$ Food $\rightarrow$ Energy $\rightarrow$ Embryo $\rightarrow$ Shoot $\rightarrow$ Root$\rightarrow$ Nutritions $\rightarrow$ Water, Minrals etc</p>

<p style='font-size:20px;'>Leaves $\rightarrow$ Brown Colour $\rightarrow$ Learns green$\rightarrow$ photosynthesis $\rightarrow$ Convert H<sub>2</sub>O $\rightarrow$ Glucose</p>

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![image](/subject-images/iitpal/image/biology-class-12-unit-03-chapter-05-reproduction-sexual-reproductionin-flowering-plants-l-5_5-qcgc4ahsbvg-04.jpg)

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<footer style = "font-size: 18px">Development of embryo (Dicot) $\rightarrow$ Development of embryo (Monocot) $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Seed germination </span> $\rightarrow$ Development of fruits $\rightarrow$ Fruits </footer>

### <Success style="font-size:25px"> Reproduction Sexual Reproductionin Flowering Plants L-5 </Success>
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- Fruits develops from ovary

- **True Fruits -** Fruits derived from ovary of the flower. **example -** Brinjal, Mango, Grapes, tomato etc

- **False Fruits -** Fruits derived from ovary and other accessory floral parts

- **For example -** Apple and Fig

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![image](/subject-images/iitpal/image/biology-class-12-unit-03-chapter-05-reproduction-sexual-reproductionin-flowering-plants-l-5_5-qcgc4ahsbvg-05.jpg)

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<footer style = "font-size: 18px">Development of embryo (Monocot) $\rightarrow$ Seed germination $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Development of fruits </span> $\rightarrow$ Fruits $\rightarrow$ Apomixes </footer>

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### <primary style="font-size:24px"> Fruits </primary>
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-  1. Protects the seed from dehydration

-  2. It helps in dispersion

- **Parthenocarpic fruit -** Fruits develop without seeds, Artificial Chemicals $\rightarrow$ Low concentration of Auxin/GA

- **A.** No pollination - example - Banana, Citrus

- **B.** Pollination is happening but no fertilization , example - Orchids

- **C.** Fertilization but abortion of embryo. example - Grapes

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![image](/subject-images/iitpal/image/biology-class-12-unit-03-chapter-05-reproduction-sexual-reproductionin-flowering-plants-l-5_5-qcgc4ahsbvg-06.jpg)

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<footer style = "font-size: 18px">Seed germination $\rightarrow$ Development of fruits $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Fruits </span> $\rightarrow$ Apomixes $\rightarrow$ Polyembryony </footer>