Clat2022- Current Affairs Including General Knowledge

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<h5 id="current-affairs-and-general-knowledge">Current Affairs and General Knowledge</h5>
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<p>VII. When we hear the name SPACE, only one organization comes to mind: the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), located in Bengaluru, is the country’s first space agency. ISRO was founded in 1969 with the goal of developing and utilizing space technology for national development while also conducting planetary exploration and space science research. The space research operations began in India in the early 1960s, at a time when satellite applications were still in the experimental stages in the United States. Dr. Vikram Sarabhai, the founding father of India’s space programme, rapidly recognized the benefits of space technologies after the live transmission of the Tokyo Olympic Games across the Pacific by the American satellite ‘Syncom-3’ demonstrated the power of communication satellites. The ISRO has launched various spacecrafts like the Chandrayaan, Astrosat, Microsat, GSAT etc. The Government of India has also approved a regional spaceborne navigation system, which will consist of seven satellites. Out of these, four of them will be placed in geosynchronous inclined orbit of $29^{\circ}$ relative to the equatorial plane. Such an arrangement would mean all seven satellites would have continuous radio visibility with Indian control stations.</p>
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<ol start="31">
<li>Name the first dedicated mission launched by ISRO for studying the celestial sources in X-ray, optical and UV spectral bands simultaneously.</li>
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<p>(A) Amazonia</p>
<p>(B) Astrosat</p>
<p>(C) Gaganyaan - 1</p>
<p>(D) Lunar Polar Exploration Mission</p>
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<ol start="32">
<li>APPLE, the first communication satellite of ISRO was launched from:</li>
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<p>(A) Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota</p>
<p>(B) TERLS, Thiruvananthapuram</p>
<p>(C) Kourou, French Guiana</p>
<p>(D) SSLV Launching Station, Tamil Nadu</p>
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<li>Name the spacecraft that has been successfully sent into the space to probe into the planets in the solar system.</li>
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<p>(A) Sputnik 19</p>
<p>(B) Cosmos 482</p>
<p>(C) Pioneer-E</p>
<p>(D) Mariner 10</p>
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<li>The first successful Nuclear Bomb test conducted by India in 1974, is called the:</li>
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<p>(A) Prithvi</p>
<p>(B) Pokhran-II</p>
<p>(C) Smiling Buddha</p>
<p>(D) Surya</p>
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<li>NaviC covers India and region extending:</li>
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<p>(A) 1,500 $\mathrm{Km}$</p>
<p>(B) 2,000 $\mathrm{Km}$</p>
<p>(C) 7,000 $\mathrm{Km}$</p>
<p>(D) 1,000 $\mathrm{Km}$</p>
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<p>VIII. On December 26, 2021, for the first time since the present government came to power in 2014, the Union Home Ministry constituted a panel led by its officers to review the withdrawal of the Armed areas. The Act was amended in 1972 and the powers to declare an area as “disturbed” were conferred concurrently upon the Central Government along with the States. Currently, the MHA issues periodic “disturbed area” notification to extend AFSPA only for Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh, where it is applicable in the districts of Tirap, Changlang, Longding and areas falling under Namsai and Mahadevpur police stations bordering Assam. The notification for Manipur and Assam is issued by the State Governments. Tripura revoked the Act in 2015 and Meghalaya was under AFSPA for 27 years, until it was revoked by the MHA from April 1, 2018. The Act was implemented in a 20-km area along the border with Assam. Jammu and Kashmir has a separate J&K Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1990.</p>
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<li>Power to notify parts of or the whole of a State or a Union Territory as a ‘disturbed area’, under the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958 is vested with:</li>
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<p>(A) Governor of any State</p>
<p>(B) Administrator of a Union Territory</p>
<p>(C) Central Government</p>
<p>(D) All of the above</p>
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<li>AFSPA was introduced in Meghalaya in the year:</li>
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<p>(A) 1995</p>
<p>(B) 1999</p>
<p>(C) 1991</p>
<p>(D) 1989</p>
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<li>Consider the following statements about the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act and mark the correct option.</li>
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<p>(A) Detractors and Human Rights Organizations, as well as many sections of civil society, argue that the Act often leads to excesses and require checks and balances or could alienate the people instead of integrating them with the main stream.</p>
<p>(B) Irom Chanu Sharmila, an activist from Manipur, became ansensitizing figure symbolizing the protest against AFSPA after she sat on an indefinite fast in 2000, demanding its repeal and ended it only in August 2016.</p>
<p>(C) Both (A) and (B) are correct</p>
<p>(D) None of the above</p>
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<li>In 2005, a government-appointed five-member committee, recommended that AFSPA be repealed. It suggested that the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act could be suitably amended to deal with terrorism. It made this recommendation as it felt that the AFSPA created an impression that the people of the Northeast States were being targeted for hostile treatment. Who headed this committee?</li>
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<p>(A) B. P. Jeevan Reddy</p>
<p>(B) Abhishek Singhvi</p>
<p>(C) Soli Sorabjee</p>
<p>(D) Ram Jethmalani</p>
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<li>AFSPA is currently in force in:</li>
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<p>(A) Arunachal Pradesh and Assam</p>
<p>(B) Nagaland and Manipur</p>
<p>(C) Jammu and Kashmir</p>
<p>(D) All of the above</p>
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<p>IX. One of the justifications of Russia-Ukraine war Russian leader claimed that military action was necessary to stop Ukrainian attacks on the two break away regions of Donetsk and Lugansk, which Russia recognized as sovereign states. President of Russia claimed that Russia could come under attack by Ukrainian far right government, unless their influence in the country is diminished. He accused Western Nations of arming Kyiv against Russia. After being ordered by Russia’s leader to invade the capital of Ukraine, Russian troops moved in several directions. As the first targets were hit, airports and the military HQs were located near cities across Ukraine, then tanks and troops rolled into the country from the north, east, and south. The war has demolished most of the cities of the Ukraine and caused irreparable damage to the humanity.</p>
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<li>Ukraine was part of which country during 1922-1991?</li>
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<p>(A) Germany</p>
<p>(C) USA</p>
<p>(B) Poland</p>
<p>(D) USSR</p>
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<li>Who is the President of Ukraine?</li>
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<p>(A) Volodymyr Zelenskyy</p>
<p>(B) Vladimir Zelenskyy</p>
<p>(C) Volodymyr S. Zelenskyy</p>
<p>(D) Vladimir Zelensky</p>
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<li>Which is the currency of Ukraine?</li>
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<p>(A) Guilder</p>
<p>(B) Zloty</p>
<p>(C) Ruble</p>
<p>(D) Hryvnia</p>
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<li>The President of Ukraine was formerly:</li>
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<p>(A) Weather Forecaster</p>
<p>(B) Navy Officer</p>
<p>(C) Comedian</p>
<p>(D) TV News Reader</p>
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<ol start="45">
<li>Which operation was launched by the Indian Government to bring back Indians from Ukraine during Russia-Ukraine war?</li>
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<p>(A) Operation Kyiv</p>
<p>(B) Operation Ganga</p>
<p>(C) Operation Rakshak</p>
<p>(D) Operation East Star</p>
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<p>X. Every second patent granted in India between 2016-2021 is related to green technology and a quarter of the green technology patents are concerning alternative energy production, coinciding with the Centre’s efforts on “enhanced use of green technology for boosting economy and encouraging consumers to use products produced through use of such technology”. Data from the Ministry of Commerce and Industry shows that more than 91,500 patents were granted between 2016-17 and 2020-21, while the data for 2021-22 was not immediately available. However, going by the trend in the past two years, India is expected to clear at least 25,000 more applications this year. Separate data from the ministry shows that between 2016-17 and 2021-22 (up to January), 61,186 patents related to green technologies have been granted in the said period. Of these, $90 %$ are for technologies concerning waste management and alternative energy production- 38,837 or $63 %$ of them are related to waste management and more than 16,000 or $26 %$ are for alternative energy production. The rest of the green technology patentsare for energy conservation $(2,555)$,transportation technologies $(2,481)$, nuclear power generation $(1,079)$, agriculture-and-forestry $(161)$, and others (69).</p>
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<li>With which country India entered into a ‘Green Strategic Partnership’ in September 2020?</li>
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<p>(A) Poland</p>
<p>(B) Greece</p>
<p>(C) Denmark</p>
<p>(D) South Korea</p>
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<li>In pursuance of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), India aims to be energy independent by the year</li>
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<p>(A) 2047</p>
<p>(B) 2040</p>
<p>(C) 2045</p>
<p>(D) 2057</p>
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<li>According to the Global Innovation Index 2021 published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), India is ranked</li>
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<p>(A) $45^{\text {th }}$</p>
<p>(B) $46^{\text {th }}$</p>
<p>(C) $47^{\text {th }}$</p>
<p>(D) $48^{\text {th }}$ out of 132 countries.</p>
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<li>In January 2022, the Union Cabinet approved the second phase of the Green Energy Corridor (GEC) in India with the objective to facilitate</li>
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<p>(A) Grid integration and power evacuation of Renewable Energy (RE) Power Projects in seven States.</p>
<p>(B) Ecologically sustainable growth by increasing carbon footprint.</p>
<p>(C) Ecologically sustainable production of fossil fuels.</p>
<p>(D) Spreading awareness regarding Renewable Energy (RE) Power Projects.</p>
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<li>The IRENA is an intergovernmental organization that supports countries in their transition to a sustainable energy future and serves as the principal platform for international co-operation on renewable energy. IRENA stands for:</li>
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<p>(A) Intergovernmental Renewable Energy Association</p>
<p>(B) International Renewable Energy Association</p>
<p>(C) Intergovernmental Renewable Energy Agency</p>
<p>(D) International Renewable Energy Agency</p>
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<p>XI. The Government may defer the deadline for companies to deposit the unspent portion of their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) funds into specified bank accounts in a move aimed at providing some relief in the fight against the COVID-19 and subsequent restrictions. Companies are required to spend at least $2 %$ of their average net profit of the preceding within three financial years on CSR. The Ministry has allowed firms to undertake projects on an ongoing basis on the condition that any unspent amount must be deposited with a scheduled bank within 30 days of the end of the financial year. “Considering the current crisis, we request your esteemed office to consider relaxation by providing extension of the timelines up to June 30, 2021,” the Institute of Company Secretaries of India said in a letter to the Ministry. Experts said that while lockdowns and restrictions are less stringent than last year and companies have adapted to working online, many professionals or their families have been affected by the infection, leaving teams short-staffed.</p>
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<li>Which of the following is the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiative of the erstwhile Facebook India to promote women entrepreneurship?</li>
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<p>(A) Shakti</p>
<p>(B) Pragati</p>
<p>(C) Lean In</p>
<p>(D) Marching Forward</p>
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<li>In 2019, which of the following Committees recommended that CSR expenditure should be made tax deductible expenditure?</li>
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<p>(A) Company Laws Committee</p>
<p>(B) High Level Committee on Reform of Indian Company Law</p>
<p>(C) High Level Committee on Corporate Social Responsibility</p>
<p>(D) Committee for Reforms in Corporate Social Responsibility in India</p>
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<ol start="53">
<li>CAWACH is an initiative by the National Science and Technology Entrepreneurship Development Board, Department of Science and Technology, Government of India stands for the:</li>
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<p>(A) Centre for Alleviating Waning Healthcare Companies</p>
<p>(B) Centre for Augmenting Wound-up Healthcare Companies</p>
<p>(C) Centre for Augmenting WAR with COVID-19 Health Crisis</p>
<p>(D) Centre for Alleviating Withering Healthcare Companies</p>
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<ol start="54">
<li>On January 22, 2021 the Companies (Corporate Social Responsibility Policy) Amendment Rules, 2021 were notified by the:</li>
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<p>(A) Ministry of Finance</p>
<p>(B) Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment</p>
<p>(C) Ministry of Law and Justice</p>
<p>(D) Ministry of Corporate Affairs</p>
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<ol start="55">
<li>The Ministry of Corporate Affairs has instituted an award to select companies to recognize corporate initiatives in the area of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to achieve inclusive growth and inclusive and sustainable development. The name of the award is:</li>
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<p>(A) National Corporate Social Responsibility Awards</p>
<p>(B) National Awards for Excellence in Social Responsibility</p>
<p>(C) National Awards for Corporate Excellence in Social Responsibility</p>
<p>(D) National Awards for Excellence in Inclusive Growth and Sustainable Development</p>
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<p>XII. With the announcement of Drone Shakti in the Union Budget, the industry got a massive push after the liberalization of the Drone Rules in 2021. The Government stated that startups will be promoted to facilitate Drone Shakti, with ‘drone as a service’.</p>
<p>“The current Government has taken a serious paradigm shift on drone technology and Drone Shakti announcement of the current FY budget proves the government’s clear vision and focus towards this emerging industry. Drone Shakti and Kisan Drones will definitely help get this technology to impact common people on the grassroots level at a massive scale,” according to the founder and CEO of a prominent aerospace quoted in a business magazine. The country is set to witness the use of large, unmanned aircraft systems weighing more than 150 kilograms across the sectors. Kisan Drones are already being used for crop assessments, land records, spraying of insecticides, and are expected to boost a wave of technology in the Agri and farming sector. Drones are also being used in surveillance systems for Railway Security. In India, drones were also deployed to deliver COVID-19 vaccines.</p>
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<li>COVID-19 vaccines were delivered by drones as ICMR-led pilot project to:</li>
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<p>(A) Ladakh</p>
<p>(B) Katra</p>
<p>(C) Dantewada</p>
<p>(D) Manipur</p>
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<ol start="57">
<li>Which of the following is the online platform hosted by the Directorate General of Civil Aviation for various activities related to the management of drone activities in India?</li>
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<p>(A) e-Drone Shakti</p>
<p>(C) Aakash Shakti</p>
<p>(B) Digital Sky platform</p>
<p>(D) Digital Drone platform</p>
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<ol start="58">
<li>Which of the following refers to the phenomenon of restricting the movement of drones within a defined airspace?</li>
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<p>(A) Geo-fencing</p>
<p>(B) Drone-fencing</p>
<p>(C) Sky-fencing</p>
<p>(D) Air-fencing</p>
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<ol start="59">
<li>The Drone Rules, 2021 have been made in supersession of which of the following rules?</li>
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<p>(A) The Unmanned Aircraft System Rules, 2020</p>
<p>(B) The Aircraft Rules, 2020</p>
<p>(C) The Unmanned Aircraft System Rules, 2021</p>
<p>(D) The Manned Aircraft Rules, 1934</p>
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<ol start="60">
<li>Which autonomous body is responsible for national accreditation structure for drones?</li>
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<p>(A) Drone Council of India</p>
<p>(C) Manned Aircraft Council of India</p>
<p>(B) Unmanned Aircraft Council of India</p>
<p>(D) Quality Council of India</p>
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<p>XIII. The $21^{\text {st }} century has seen an overall shift in India’s policy outlook and also the global outlook towards India. Coherent policy initiatives and effective implementation on the ground have ensured a positive growth profile. The biggest shift has been the recognition of the maritime sector. Somehow, post-independence, we as a nation became sea blind and completely undermined our maritime potential. Initially, the Indian Navy came out with their Military</p>
<p>Maritime Strategy in 2007, titled “Freedom to use the Seas”. They kept on upgrading their vision document on regular intervals with latest being declared in 2015. The Security And Growth for All in the Region (SAGAR) vision declared by the Government of India in May 2015 has been a massive game changer on multiple fronts. It integrates the geopolitical and geostrategic realities to domestic requirements. The security concerns and the blue economic opportunities are comprehensively addressed along with the diplomatic leverage and reviving the rich maritime heritage.</p>
<p>The SAGAR vision has been backed by aggressive push by the Government of India to drive mega projects with massive human resource requirements.</p>
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<ol start="61">
<li>Which of the following is the flagship programme of the Ministry of Shipping, Government of India, to promote port-led development in the country through harnessing India’s $7,500 \mathrm{~km} long coastline, $14,500 \mathrm{~km} of potentially navigable waterways and strategic location on key international maritime trade routes?</li>
</ol>
<p>(A) Sagarmala Programme</p>
<p>(B) Sagarshakti Programme</p>
<p>(C) Jalshakti Programme</p>
<p>(D) Jalmala Programme</p>
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<ol start="62">
<li>Which of the following is the initiative of the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India, to explore marine resources and develop deep sea technologies for sustainable use of ocean resources?</li>
</ol>
<p>(A) Sagarmanthan Mission</p>
<p>(B) Samudramanthan Mission</p>
<p>(C) Deep Ocean Mission</p>
<p>(D) Deep Ocean and Sea Technology Mission</p>
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<ol start="63">
<li>ISA is a United Nations body regulating the exploration and exploitation of marine non-living resources of oceans in international waters. ISA stands for:</li>
</ol>
<p>(A) International Sea Authority</p>
<p>(B) International Sea Association</p>
<p>(C) International Seafaring Association</p>
<p>(D) International Seabed Authority</p>
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<ol start="64">
<li>Under Mission SAGAR, which Indian Naval Ship was deployed by the Indian Navy to provide humanitarian and medical assistance to Maldives, Mauritius, Seychelles, Madagascar and Comoros?</li>
</ol>
<p>(A) INS Kesari</p>
<p>(B) INS Vikrant</p>
<p>(C) INS Viraat</p>
<p>(D) INS Vikramaditya</p>
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<ol start="65">
<li>Which of the following is India’s first manned ocean mission which was launched at Chennai?</li>
</ol>
<p>(A) Samudrashakti</p>
<p>(B) Samudrayan</p>
<p>(C) Sagaryan</p>
<p>(D) Sagarshakti</p>