Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Reflection of ray parallel to the principal axis
- Incident ray
- Reflected ray
- Normal
- Angle of incidence
- Angle of reflection
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Laws of reflection
- First law: Incident ray, reflected ray, and the normal all lie on the same plane
- Second law: Angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Formation of images by a plane mirror
- Virtual image
- Laterally inverted
- Same size as the object
- Same distance behind the mirror as the object is in front of it
- Erect
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Ray diagrams for formation of images by a plane mirror
- Object at infinity
- Object between infinity and pole
- Object at pole
- Object between pole and focus
- Object at focus
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Reflection of light by curved surfaces
- Concave mirror
- Convex mirror
- Center of curvature
- Principal axis
- Focal length
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Focal length of a concave mirror
- Focal point
- Focal length
- Relationship with radius of curvature
- Positive focal length for concave mirror
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Ray diagrams for concave mirror
- Object at infinity
- Object beyond C
- Object at C
- Object between C and F
- Object at F
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Sign convention for mirror formula
- Object distance (u)
- Image distance (v)
- Focal length (f)
- Positive and negative values
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Mirror formula
- Relationship between object distance, image distance, and focal length
- 1/f = 1/v + 1/u
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Magnification
- Relationship between height of the image and height of the object
- Magnification (m)
- m = h’/h = -v/u
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Reflection of ray parallel to the principal axis
- Incident ray is parallel to the principal axis
- Reflected ray passes through the focus
- Image is formed at the focus
- Example: When a parallel beam of light falls on a concave mirror
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Ray diagrams for reflection parallel to the principal axis
- Object at infinity
- Object beyond C
- Object at C
- Object between C and F
- Object at F
- Example: Ray diagram for a concave mirror with an object at infinity
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Reflection of ray through the center of curvature
- Incident ray passes through the center of curvature
- Reflected ray retraces its path
- Image is formed at the same location as the object
- Example: When a beam of light falls on a concave mirror along its principal axis
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Ray diagrams for reflection through the center of curvature
- Object at infinity
- Object beyond C
- Object at C
- Object between C and F
- Object at F
- Example: Ray diagram for a concave mirror with an object at the center of curvature
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Reflection of ray passing through the focal point
- Incident ray passes through the focal point
- Reflected ray becomes parallel to the principal axis
- Image is formed at infinity
- Example: When a beam of light falls on a concave mirror along a line that passes through its focus
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Ray diagrams for reflection passing through the focal point
- Object at infinity
- Object beyond C
- Object at C
- Object between C and F
- Object at F
- Example: Ray diagram for a concave mirror with an object at the focal point
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Concave mirrors and their applications
- Magnifying mirrors
- Headlights of vehicles
- Reflectors in torches
- Telescope mirrors
- Example: Uses of concave mirrors in our daily life
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Convex mirrors and their applications
- Rear-view mirrors in vehicles
- Security mirrors in stores
- Traffic mirrors at blind spots
- Example: Uses of convex mirrors in different situations
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Formation of images by convex mirrors
- Virtual image
- Diminished in size
- Image formed behind the mirror
- Example: The formation of an image in a convex mirror
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Ray diagrams for formation of images by convex mirrors
- Object at infinity
- Object beyond C
- Object at C
- Object between C and F
- Object at F
- Example: Ray diagram for a convex mirror with an object at infinity
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Reflection of ray parallel to the principal axis
- Incident ray is parallel to the principal axis
- Reflected ray passes through the focus
- Image is formed at the focus
- Example: When a parallel beam of light falls on a concave mirror
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Ray diagrams for reflection parallel to the principal axis
- Object at infinity
- Object beyond C
- Object at C
- Object between C and F
- Object at F
- Example: Ray diagram for a concave mirror with an object at infinity
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Reflection of ray through the center of curvature
- Incident ray passes through the center of curvature
- Reflected ray retraces its path
- Image is formed at the same location as the object
- Example: When a beam of light falls on a concave mirror along its principal axis
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Ray diagrams for reflection through the center of curvature
- Object at infinity
- Object beyond C
- Object at C
- Object between C and F
- Object at F
- Example: Ray diagram for a concave mirror with an object at the center of curvature
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Reflection of ray passing through the focal point
- Incident ray passes through the focal point
- Reflected ray becomes parallel to the principal axis
- Image is formed at infinity
- Example: When a beam of light falls on a concave mirror along a line that passes through its focus
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Ray diagrams for reflection passing through the focal point
- Object at infinity
- Object beyond C
- Object at C
- Object between C and F
- Object at F
- Example: Ray diagram for a concave mirror with an object at the focal point
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Concave mirrors and their applications
- Magnifying mirrors: Used for applying makeup or shaving
- Headlights of vehicles: To focus the light and illuminate the road
- Reflectors in torches: To produce a beam of light
- Telescope mirrors: To collect and focus light
- Example: Uses of concave mirrors in our daily life
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Convex mirrors and their applications
- Rear-view mirrors in vehicles: To provide a wide field of view
- Security mirrors in stores: To eliminate blind spots
- Traffic mirrors at blind spots: To enhance safety
- Example: Uses of convex mirrors in different situations
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Formation of images by convex mirrors
- Virtual image is formed
- Image is diminished in size
- Image is formed behind the mirror
- Example: The formation of an image in a convex mirror
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images
- Ray diagrams for formation of images by convex mirrors
- Object at infinity
- Object beyond C
- Object at C
- Object between C and F
- Object at F
- Example: Ray diagram for a convex mirror with an object at infinity
Optics- Reflection of Light and Formation of Images Reflection of ray parallel to the principal axis Incident ray Reflected ray Normal Angle of incidence Angle of reflection