Electric Field And Potential And Concept Of Capacitance - An introduction

Slide 1:

  • Electric field definition
  • Electric field formula ($E = \frac{F}{q}$)
  • Direction of electric field lines
  • Electric field due to a point charge
  • Electric field due to a dipole

Slide 2:

  • Electric potential definition
  • Electric potential formula ($V = \frac{W}{q}$)
  • Difference between electric field and potential
  • Electric potential due to a point charge
  • Electric potential due to a dipole

Slide 3:

  • Equipotential surfaces definition
  • Characteristics of equipotential surfaces
  • Relationship between electric field and equipotential surfaces
  • Work done in moving a charge on an equipotential surface
  • Equipotential surfaces due to a point charge

Slide 4:

  • Capacitance definition
  • Capacitance formula ($C = \frac{Q}{V}$)
  • Unit of capacitance (farad)
  • Factors affecting capacitance
  • Parallel plate capacitor

Slide 5:

  • Dielectric material definition
  • Effect of a dielectric on capacitance
  • Dielectric constant formula ($k = \frac{C}{C_0}$)
  • Polar and non-polar dielectrics
  • Advantages of using a dielectric in capacitors

Slide 6:

  • Energy stored in a capacitor formula ($U = \frac{1}{2}CV^2$)
  • Relationship between energy stored and capacitance
  • Relationship between energy stored and voltage
  • Series combination of capacitors
  • Parallel combination of capacitors

Slide 7:

  • Charging and discharging of a capacitor
  • Time constant formula ($\tau = RC$)
  • RC circuit
  • Charging curve of a capacitor
  • Discharging curve of a capacitor

Slide 8:

  • Dielectric breakdown
  • Breakdown voltage definition
  • Factors affecting dielectric breakdown
  • Overvoltage and insulation failure
  • Safety precautions while handling capacitors

Slide 9:

  • Electric shock definition
  • Effects of electric shock on the human body
  • Electric shock severity levels
  • Ways to prevent electric shock
  • Grounding as a safety measure

Slide 10:

  • Lightning formation
  • Lightning rod and its working principle
  • Protection against lightning strikes
  • Types of lightning arresters
  • Measures for consumer safety against lightning

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Slide 11:

  • Gauss’s Law for electric fields
  • Equation for Gauss’s Law ($\oint E.dA = \frac{Q_{enc}}{\varepsilon_0}$)
  • Application of Gauss’s Law to find electric field due to a charged sphere
  • Application of Gauss’s Law to find electric field due to an infinite plane
  • Application of Gauss’s Law to find electric field due to a uniformly charged solid sphere

Slide 12:

  • Electric potential energy for a system of point charges
  • Equation for electric potential energy ($U = \frac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0}\frac{q_1 q_2}{r}$)
  • Relationship between electric potential energy and work done
  • Calculation of electric potential energy example involving two charges
  • Calculation of electric potential energy example involving a charge and a dipole

Slide 13:

  • Conductors and insulators definitions
  • Behavior of electric fields in conductors and insulators
  • Charging by induction
  • Charging by conduction
  • Examples of conductors and insulators

Slide 14:

  • Relationship between electric field and potential gradients
  • Equation for electric field in terms of potential gradient ($E = - \frac{dV}{dx}$)
  • Relationship between electric field, potential, and equipotential surfaces
  • Calculation of electric field from potential gradient example
  • Calculation of potential gradient from electric field example

Slide 15:

  • Electric dipole moment definition
  • Equation for electric dipole moment ($p = qd$)
  • Behavior of electric field and potential around a dipole
  • Calculation of electric field and potential due to a dipole

Slide 16:

  • Definition of capacitance
  • Capacitance equation ($C = \frac{Q}{V}$)
  • Calculation of capacitance for various configurations (parallel plate, cylindrical, spherical)
  • Unit of capacitance (farad)
  • Calculation of capacitance example involving parallel plate capacitor

Slide 17:

  • Dielectric material definition
  • Effect of a dielectric on electric fields and potential
  • Dielectric constant equation ($k = \frac{C}{C_0}$)
  • Calculation of electric field and potential with dielectric material example
  • Calculation of dielectric constant example

Slide 18:

  • Energy stored in a capacitor equation ($U = \frac{1}{2}CV^2$)
  • Calculation of energy stored in a capacitor example
  • Relationship between energy stored and capacitance, voltage
  • Calculation of capacitance example involving energy stored and voltage
  • Calculation of voltage example involving energy stored and capacitance

Slide 19:

  • Series combination of capacitors
  • Calculation of equivalent capacitance for series combination
  • Calculation of charge, potential difference, and energy stored in series combination example
  • Parallel combination of capacitors
  • Calculation of equivalent capacitance for parallel combination

Slide 20:

  • Charging and discharging of a capacitor

  • Equation for time constant ($\tau = RC$)

  • RC circuit diagram and explanation

  • Calculation of charging curve for a capacitor example

  • Calculation of discharging curve for a capacitor example

Slide 21:

  • Dielectric breakdown
  • Breakdown voltage definition
  • Factors affecting dielectric breakdown
  • Overvoltage and insulation failure
  • Safety precautions while handling capacitors

Slide 22:

  • Electric shock definition
  • Effects of electric shock on the human body
  • Electric shock severity levels
  • Ways to prevent electric shock
  • Grounding as a safety measure

Slide 23:

  • Lightning formation
  • Lightning rod and its working principle
  • Protection against lightning strikes
  • Types of lightning arresters
  • Measures for consumer safety against lightning

Slide 24:

  • Gauss’s Law for electric fields
  • Equation for Gauss’s Law ($\oint E.dA = \frac{Q_{enc}}{\varepsilon_0}$)
  • Application of Gauss’s Law to find electric field due to a charged sphere
  • Application of Gauss’s Law to find electric field due to an infinite plane
  • Application of Gauss’s Law to find electric field due to a uniformly charged solid sphere

Slide 25:

  • Electric potential energy for a system of point charges
  • Equation for electric potential energy ($U = \frac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0}\frac{q_1 q_2}{r}$)
  • Relationship between electric potential energy and work done
  • Calculation of electric potential energy example involving two charges
  • Calculation of electric potential energy example involving a charge and a dipole

Slide 26:

  • Conductors and insulators definitions
  • Behavior of electric fields in conductors and insulators
  • Charging by induction
  • Charging by conduction
  • Examples of conductors and insulators

Slide 27:

  • Relationship between electric field and potential gradients
  • Equation for electric field in terms of potential gradient ($E = - \frac{dV}{dx}$)
  • Relationship between electric field, potential, and equipotential surfaces
  • Calculation of electric field from potential gradient example
  • Calculation of potential gradient from electric field example

Slide 28:

  • Electric dipole moment definition
  • Equation for electric dipole moment ($p = qd$)
  • Behavior of electric field and potential around a dipole
  • Calculation of electric field and potential due to a dipole
  • Examples involving electric dipoles

Slide 29:

  • Definition of capacitance
  • Capacitance equation ($C = \frac{Q}{V}$)
  • Calculation of capacitance for various configurations (parallel plate, cylindrical, spherical)
  • Unit of capacitance (farad)
  • Calculation of capacitance example involving parallel plate capacitor

Slide 30:

  • Dielectric material definition
  • Effect of a dielectric on electric fields and potential
  • Dielectric constant equation ($k = \frac{C}{C_0}$)
  • Calculation of electric field and potential with dielectric material example
  • Calculation of dielectric constant example