Haloalkanes and Haloarenes - Reactions of Haloalkanes
- Introduction to haloalkanes and haloarenes
- Explanation of the role of halogens in these compounds
- Importance of understanding the reactions of haloalkanes
Nomenclature of Haloalkanes
- Explanation of how to name haloalkanes
- Examples of different nomenclature rules
- Importance of proper naming conventions
Physical Properties of Haloalkanes
- Explanation of the boiling points and melting points of haloalkanes
- Influence of the size of the alkyl group and halogen atom on these properties
- Examples of different haloalkanes and their physical properties
Substitution Reactions of Haloalkanes
- Explanation of substitution reactions and their importance
- Types of substitution reactions: nucleophilic and electrophilic
- Examples of both types of substitution reactions
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of Haloalkanes
- Explanation of nucleophilic substitution reactions
- Step-by-step mechanism of SN1 and SN2 reactions
- Examples of nucleophilic substitution reactions and their applications
Electrophilic Substitution Reactions of Haloalkanes
- Explanation of electrophilic substitution reactions
- Step-by-step mechanism of electrophilic aromatic substitution
- Examples of electrophilic substitution reactions and their applications
Elimination Reactions of Haloalkanes
- Explanation of elimination reactions and their importance
- Types of elimination reactions: E1 and E2
- Examples of elimination reactions and their applications
- Explanation of reactions of haloalkanes with metals
- Formation of alkyl radicals and their reactivity with metals
- Examples of reactions of haloalkanes with metals
Reactions with Aqueous AgNO3
- Explanation of reactions of haloalkanes with aqueous AgNO3
- Formation of precipitates and their identification
- Examples of reactions with aqueous AgNO3
- Explanation of the formation of Grignard reagents
- Role of haloalkanes in the formation process
- Examples of Grignard reagents and their applications
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Slide 21
- Elimination reactions: Dehydrohalogenation
- Mechanism of E1 reaction
- Mechanism of E2 reaction
- Comparison between E1 and E2 reactions
Slide 22
- Examples of elimination reactions
- Dehydration of alcohols to form alkenes
- Examples of dehydration reactions
- Stereoselectivity in elimination reactions
Slide 23
- Reaction with ammonia: Formation of amines
- Preparation of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines
- Example reactions with ammonia and primary alkyl halides
Slide 24
- Reaction with alcohols: Formation of ethers
- Williamson synthesis of ethers
- Examples of reactions with alcohols to form ethers
Slide 25
- Reaction with cyanide ion: Formation of nitriles
- Mechanism of nucleophilic substitution with cyanide ion
- Examples of reactions with cyanide ion to form nitriles
Slide 26
- Reaction with phosphorus halides: Formation of phosphorous compounds
- Formation of alkyl phosphates and phosphonates
- Examples of reactions with phosphorus halides
Slide 27
- Reaction with sodium metal: Formation of alkynes
- Conversion of vicinal dihalides to alkynes
- Examples of reactions with sodium metal to form alkynes
Slide 28
- Reaction with metals: Formation of organometallic compounds
- Formation of Grignard reagents
- Examples of reactions with metals to form organometallic compounds
Slide 29
- Reaction with aqueous AgNO3: Formation of precipitates
- Identification of unknown halide using AgNO3
- Examples of reactions with aqueous AgNO3
Slide 30
- Key concepts and summary of reactions of haloalkanes
- Importance of understanding the reactions
- Applications of haloalkane reactions in organic synthesis
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