Electrochemistry - Specific Conductance
- Introduction to Electrochemistry
- Definition of Specific Conductance
- Factors Affecting Specific Conductance
- Measurement of Specific Conductance
- Units of Specific Conductance
Introduction to Electrochemistry
- Electrochemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the study of electrically charged particles and their chemical reactions.
- It involves the processes of oxidation and reduction.
- Electrochemical reactions involve the transfer of electrons between species.
Definition of Specific Conductance
- Specific conductance, also known as conductivity, is a measure of a solution’s ability to conduct an electric current.
- It is defined as the reciprocal of resistivity (ρ) and is denoted by the symbol ‘κ’ or ‘G’ (conductance).
Factors Affecting Specific Conductance
- Concentration of ions: Higher concentration of ions leads to higher specific conductance.
- Temperature: Increase in temperature generally increases the specific conductance.
- Nature of solvent: Different solvents possess different conductivities.
- Presence of impurities: Impurities in the solvent may affect the specific conductance.
Measurement of Specific Conductance
- Conductivity can be measured using a conductometer or conductivity meter.
- A cell with two electrodes is immersed in the solution, and the resistance is measured.
- The resistance is then used to calculate the specific conductance.
Units of Specific Conductance
- The SI unit of specific conductance is Siemens per meter (S/m).
- Other common units include mho per centimeter (Ω^(-1)cm^(-1)) and millisiemens per centimeter (mS/cm).
Electrochemistry - Redox Reactions
- Introduction to Redox Reactions
- Oxidation and Reduction Definitions
- Balancing Redox Equations
- Half-Reactions and Redox Couples
- Electrochemical Cells
Introduction to Redox Reactions
- Redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons between species.
- It stands for Reduction-Oxidation reactions.
- Redox reactions play a crucial role in many chemical processes.
Oxidation and Reduction Definitions
- Oxidation is the process of losing electrons, resulting in an increase in oxidation state.
- Reduction is the process of gaining electrons, resulting in a decrease in oxidation state.
Balancing Redox Equations
- Redox equations are balanced by ensuring that the number of electrons lost in oxidation is equal to the number of electrons gained in reduction.
- Balancing can be done by the ion-electron method or oxidation number method.
Half-Reactions and Redox Couples
- Half-reactions represent the individual oxidation or reduction reactions in a redox equation.
- Redox couples refer to a pair of species that participate in a redox reaction.
- Each species in a redox couple is represented with oxidation number and charge.
Electrochemical Cells
- Electrochemical cells facilitate redox reactions.
- They consist of two half-cells connected by a conductive material.
- One half-cell contains the oxidizing agent, while the other half-cell contains the reducing agent.
Electrochemistry - Specific Conductance
- Introduction to Electrochemistry
- Definition of Specific Conductance
- Factors Affecting Specific Conductance
- Measurement of Specific Conductance
- Units of Specific Conductance
Introduction to Electrochemistry
- Electrochemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the study of electrically charged particles and their chemical reactions.
- It involves the processes of oxidation and reduction.
- Electrochemical reactions involve the transfer of electrons between species.
Definition of Specific Conductance
- Specific conductance, also known as conductivity, is a measure of a solution’s ability to conduct an electric current.
- It is defined as the reciprocal of resistivity (ρ) and is denoted by the symbol ‘κ’ or ‘G’ (conductance).
Factors Affecting Specific Conductance
- Concentration of ions: Higher concentration of ions leads to higher specific conductance.
- Temperature: Increase in temperature generally increases the specific conductance.
- Nature of solvent: Different solvents possess different conductivities.
- Presence of impurities: Impurities in the solvent may affect the specific conductance.
Measurement of Specific Conductance
- Conductivity can be measured using a conductometer or conductivity meter.
- A cell with two electrodes is immersed in the solution, and the resistance is measured.
- The resistance is then used to calculate the specific conductance.
Units of Specific Conductance
- The SI unit of specific conductance is Siemens per meter (S/m).
- Other common units include mho per centimeter (Ω^(-1)cm^(-1)) and millisiemens per centimeter (mS/cm).
Electrochemistry - Redox Reactions
- Introduction to Redox Reactions
- Oxidation and Reduction Definitions
- Balancing Redox Equations
- Half-Reactions and Redox Couples
- Electrochemical Cells
Introduction to Redox Reactions
- Redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons between species.
- It stands for Reduction-Oxidation reactions.
- Redox reactions play a crucial role in many chemical processes.
Oxidation and Reduction Definitions
- Oxidation is the process of losing electrons, resulting in an increase in oxidation state.
- Reduction is the process of gaining electrons, resulting in a decrease in oxidation state.
Balancing Redox Equations
- Redox equations are balanced by ensuring that the number of electrons lost in oxidation is equal to the number of electrons gained in reduction.
- Balancing can be done by the ion-electron method or oxidation number method.
Half-Reactions and Redox Couples
- Half-reactions represent the individual oxidation or reduction reactions in a redox equation.
- Redox couples refer to a pair of species that participate in a redox reaction.
- Each species in a redox couple is represented with oxidation number and charge.
Electrochemical Cells
- Electrochemical cells facilitate redox reactions.
- They consist of two half-cells connected by a conductive material.
- One half-cell contains the oxidizing agent, while the other half-cell contains the reducing agent.
Electrochemistry - Specific Conductance
- Introduction to Electrochemistry
- Definition of Specific Conductance
- Factors Affecting Specific Conductance
- Measurement of Specific Conductance
- Units of Specific Conductance
Introduction to Electrochemistry
- Electrochemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the study of electrically charged particles and their chemical reactions.
- It involves the processes of oxidation and reduction.
- Electrochemical reactions involve the transfer of electrons between species.
Definition of Specific Conductance
- Specific conductance, also known as conductivity, is a measure of a solution’s ability to conduct an electric current.
- It is defined as the reciprocal of resistivity (ρ) and is denoted by the symbol ‘κ’ or ‘G’ (conductance).
Factors Affecting Specific Conductance
- Concentration of ions: Higher concentration of ions leads to higher specific conductance.
- Temperature: Increase in temperature generally increases the specific conductance.
- Nature of solvent: Different solvents possess different conductivities.
- Presence of impurities: Impurities in the solvent may affect the specific conductance.
Measurement of Specific Conductance
- Conductivity can be measured using a conductometer or conductivity meter.
- A cell with two electrodes is immersed in the solution, and the resistance is measured.
- The resistance is then used to calculate the specific conductance.
Units of Specific Conductance
- The SI unit of specific conductance is Siemens per meter (S/m).
- Other common units include mho per centimeter (Ω^(-1)cm^(-1)) and millisiemens per centimeter (mS/cm).
Electrochemistry - Redox Reactions
- Introduction to Redox Reactions
- Oxidation and Reduction Definitions
- Balancing Redox Equations
- Half-Reactions and Redox Couples
- Electrochemical Cells
Introduction to Redox Reactions
- Redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons between species.
- It stands for Reduction-Oxidation reactions.
- Redox reactions play a crucial role in many chemical processes.
Oxidation and Reduction Definitions
- Oxidation is the process of losing electrons, resulting in an increase in oxidation state.
- Reduction is the process of gaining electrons, resulting in a decrease in oxidation state.
Balancing Redox Equations
- Redox equations are balanced by ensuring that the number of electrons lost in oxidation is equal to the number of electrons gained in reduction.
- Balancing can be done by the ion-electron method or oxidation number method.
Half-Reactions and Redox Couples
- Half-reactions represent the individual oxidation or reduction reactions in a redox equation.
- Redox couples refer to a pair of species that participate in a redox reaction.
- Each species in a redox couple is represented with oxidation number and charge.
Electrochemical Cells
- Electrochemical cells facilitate redox reactions.
- They consist of two half-cells connected by a conductive material.
- One half-cell contains the oxidizing agent, while the other half-cell contains the reducing agent.