Chemistry in everyday life

• Introduction to the topic
• Importance of chemistry in our daily lives
• Examples of chemical reactions in everyday life
• Relevance of studying chemistry in 12th Boards

Organic chemistry

• Definition and scope of organic chemistry
• Importance of organic compounds
• Classification of organic compounds
• Examples of organic compounds
• Basic understanding of functional groups

Organic reactions

• Introduction to organic reactions
• Types of organic reactions
  • Addition reaction
  • Substitution reaction
  • Elimination reaction
  • Condensation reaction
• Role of catalysts in organic reactions

Alcohols and Phenols

• Structure and nomenclature of alcohols
• Physical and chemical properties of alcohols
  • Solubility
  • Boiling and melting points
  • Acidic nature
• Uses of alcohols in daily life
• Structure and nomenclature of phenols

Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones

• Structure and nomenclature of ethers
• Physical and chemical properties of ethers
• Uses of ethers in daily life
• Structure and nomenclature of aldehydes and ketones
• Physical and chemical properties of aldehydes and ketones
• Uses of aldehydes and ketones in daily life

Carboxylic Acids and Amines

• Structure and nomenclature of carboxylic acids
• Physical and chemical properties of carboxylic acids
• Uses of carboxylic acids in daily life
• Structure and nomenclature of amines
• Physical and chemical properties of amines
• Uses of amines in daily life

Polymers

• Definition and classification of polymers
• Addition and condensation polymers
• Examples of polymers and their uses
• Polymerization reactions
• Biodegradable and non-biodegradable polymers

Biomolecules

• Introduction to biomolecules
• Carbohydrates (monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides)
• Proteins (structure, types, functions)
• Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA)
• Lipids (types and functions)

Chemistry in medicinal drugs

• Importance of chemistry in medicine
• Introduction to medicinal drugs
• Types of drugs (antibiotics, analgesics, antacids, etc.)
• Mode of action and mechanism of drugs
• Drug addiction and abuse

Environmental chemistry

• Introduction to environmental chemistry
• Air pollution and its causes
• Water pollution and its sources
• Soil pollution and its effects
• Greenhouse effect and global warming
• Role of chemistry in environmental conservation ``markdown

Chemical kinetics

• Introduction to chemical kinetics
• Rate of a chemical reaction
• Factors affecting the rate of a reaction
  • Concentration of reactants
  • Temperature
  • Catalysts
• Rate law and rate constant
• Order of a reaction and molecularity

Equilibrium

• Introduction to chemical equilibrium
• Reversible reactions
• Equilibrium constant (Kc and Kp)
• Factors affecting equilibrium
  • Le Chatelier’s principle
• Applications of equilibrium in daily life
  • Haber’s process for ammonia production
  • Control of blood pH in the human body

Ionic equilibrium

• Introduction to ionic equilibrium
• Weak and strong electrolytes
• Ionization of acids and bases
• pH scale and indicators
• Buffer solutions and their importance
• Solubility product and precipitation reactions

Electrochemistry

• Introduction to electrochemistry
• Redox reactions and oxidation states
• Electrochemical cells
  • Galvanic (voltaic) cells
  • Electrolytic cells
• Electrolysis and Faraday’s laws
• Applications of electrochemistry in everyday life

Surface chemistry

• Introduction to surface chemistry
• Adsorption and types of adsorption
  • Physical and chemical adsorption
  • Adsorption isotherm
• Catalysis and catalysts
• Colloids and types of colloids
• Emulsions and suspensions

Metallurgy

• Introduction to metallurgy
• Extraction of metals from ores
• Roasting, calcination, and reduction
• Refining of metals
• Alloys and their importance
• Corrosion and methods of prevention

D and F block elements

• Introduction to d and f block elements
• Electronic configuration of transition metals
• Properties and trends in d-block elements
• Lanthanoids and actinoids
• Application of transition metals in industry

Coordination compounds

• Introduction to coordination compounds
• Ligands and coordination number
• Nomenclature of coordination compounds
• Isomerism in coordination compounds
• Stability and color of coordination compounds
• Application of coordination compounds

Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

• Structure and nomenclature of haloalkanes
• Physical and chemical properties of haloalkanes
• Uses of haloalkanes in daily life
• Structure and nomenclature of haloarenes
• Physical and chemical properties of haloarenes
• Uses of haloarenes in daily life

Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

• Structure and nomenclature of alkenes
• Physical and chemical properties of alkenes
• Uses of alkenes in daily life
• Structure and nomenclature of alkynes
• Physical and chemical properties of alkynes
• Uses of alkynes in daily life
• Structure and nomenclature of aromatic compounds
• Physical and chemical properties of aromatic compounds
• Uses of aromatic compounds in daily life Note: The markdown format above may not display as slides in some platforms. However, when using a markdown-to-presentation converter, it should create separate slides for each section enclosed by the `<textarea>` tags.markdown

Reactions of Aromatic Compounds

• Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions
  • Nitration of aromatic compounds
  • Halogenation of aromatic compounds
  • Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation reactions
• Nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions
• Examples of reactions involving aromatic compounds

Biomolecular Reactions

• Enzymes and their role in biochemical reactions
• DNA replication
• Transcription and translation
• Protein synthesis
• Metabolic pathways and their regulation

Solid State

• Introduction to the solid state of matter
• Classification of crystalline solids
• Crystal lattice and unit cell
• Types of crystal systems
• Properties of solids (density, electrical conductivity, hardness, etc.)

Solutions

• Definition and types of solutions
• Solubility and factors affecting solubility
• Concentration units (molarity, molality, mole fraction)
• Colligative properties of solutions
  • Boiling point elevation
  • Freezing point depression
  • Osmotic pressure

Surface Chemistry

• Catalysis and types of catalysis
• Adsorption and absorption
• Langmuir adsorption isotherm
• Colloids and their properties
• Preparation and application of colloids

Chemical Thermodynamics

• Introduction to thermodynamics
• Laws of thermodynamics
• Enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy
• Spontaneity of a reaction and equilibrium
• Heat of reactions and Hess’s law

Haloalkanes, Haloarenes, and Phenols

• Nomenclature and properties of haloalkanes
• Preparation methods of haloalkanes
• Nucleophilic substitution reactions of haloalkanes
• Nomenclature and properties of haloarenes
• Preparation methods of haloarenes
• Nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions of haloarenes
• Nomenclature and properties of phenols
• Acidic nature and preparation methods of phenols

Chemical Kinetics

• Rate of reaction and factors affecting rate
• Rate constant and order of reaction
• Integrated rate equations
• Arrhenius equation and activation energy
• Collision theory and transition state theory

Principles of Organic Chemistry

• IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds
• Isomerism in organic compounds
• Types of organic reactions (addition, substitution, elimination)
• Determination of organic compounds using spectroscopy techniques (IR, NMR, Mass spectrometry)

Environmental Chemistry

• Introduction to environmental chemistry
• Sources and effects of air pollution
• Causes and prevention of water pollution
• Soil pollution and its impact on agriculture
• Role of chemistry in waste management and recycling

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