<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-aim-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> AIM </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>Understanding the molecular basis of inheritance.</li> <li>Examining the role of genetics in evolution.</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px"> $\rightarrow$ $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> AIM </span> $\rightarrow$ Introduction $\rightarrow$ The Structure of DNA </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success-1"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-introduction-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> Introduction </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>Inheritance refers to the passing of traits from parents to offspring.</li> <li>The molecular basis of inheritance explains how genetic information is transferred.</li> <li>Our understanding of molecular genetics has revolutionized the study of inheritance and evolution.</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px"> $\rightarrow$ AIM $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Introduction </span> $\rightarrow$ The Structure of DNA $\rightarrow$ Base Pairing </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success-2"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-the-structure-of-dna-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> The Structure of DNA </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a double-stranded helical molecule.</li> <li>It consists of nucleotides, each containing a sugar (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.</li> <li>The nitrogenous bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px">AIM $\rightarrow$ Introduction $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> The Structure of DNA </span> $\rightarrow$ Base Pairing $\rightarrow$ DNA Replication </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success-3"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-base-pairing-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> Base Pairing </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>Adenine (A) forms hydrogen bonds with thymine (T).</li> <li>Cytosine (C) forms hydrogen bonds with guanine (G).</li> <li>This complementary base pairing ensures accurate replication and transmission of genetic information.</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px">Introduction $\rightarrow$ The Structure of DNA $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Base Pairing </span> $\rightarrow$ DNA Replication $\rightarrow$ Transcription </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success-4"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-dna-replication-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> DNA Replication </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>DNA replication is the process by which DNA is copied.</li> <li>It occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle.</li> <li>Replication is semi-conservative, meaning each new DNA molecule consists of one parental strand and one newly synthesized strand.</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px">The Structure of DNA $\rightarrow$ Base Pairing $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> DNA Replication </span> $\rightarrow$ Transcription $\rightarrow$ Genetic Code </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success-5"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-transcription-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> Transcription </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>Transcription is the synthesis of RNA using DNA as a template.</li> <li>It involves the enzyme RNA polymerase binding to the DNA and synthesizing an RNA molecule.</li> <li>The RNA molecule has a complementary sequence to the DNA template strand.</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px">Base Pairing $\rightarrow$ DNA Replication $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Transcription </span> $\rightarrow$ Genetic Code $\rightarrow$ Translation </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success-6"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-genetic-code-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> Genetic Code </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>The genetic code is the set of rules that determines how nucleotide sequences are translated into amino acid sequences.</li> <li>Each codon, consisting of three nucleotides, codes for a specific amino acid or a start/stop signal.</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px">DNA Replication $\rightarrow$ Transcription $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Genetic Code </span> $\rightarrow$ Translation $\rightarrow$ Mutations </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success-7"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-translation-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> Translation </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>Translation is the process by which the genetic information in mRNA is used to synthesize a protein.</li> <li>It occurs in the ribosomes.</li> <li>Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules carry specific amino acids and match them to the codons on mRNA.</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px">Transcription $\rightarrow$ Genetic Code $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Translation </span> $\rightarrow$ Mutations $\rightarrow$ DNA Technology </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success-8"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-mutations-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> Mutations </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence.</li> <li>They can occur spontaneously or be induced by mutagens.</li> <li>Mutations can have different effects, including no effect, a beneficial effect, or a harmful effect.</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px">Genetic Code $\rightarrow$ Translation $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Mutations </span> $\rightarrow$ DNA Technology $\rightarrow$ Genetic Variation and Evolution </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success-9"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-dna-technology-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> DNA Technology </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>DNA technology has allowed scientists to manipulate genetic material.</li> <li>Techniques like PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and DNA sequencing have revolutionized the field of genetics.</li> <li>These techniques have applications in various fields, including medicine, forensics, and agriculture.</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px">Translation $\rightarrow$ Mutations $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> DNA Technology </span> $\rightarrow$ Genetic Variation and Evolution $\rightarrow$ Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success-10"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-genetic-variation-and-evolution-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> Genetic Variation and Evolution </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>Genetic variation provides the raw material for evolution.</li> <li>Natural selection acts upon this variation, favoring individuals with traits that are advantageous in their environment.</li> <li>The accumulation of favorable traits over generations leads to the creation of new species and the process of evolution.</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px">Mutations $\rightarrow$ DNA Technology $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Genetic Variation and Evolution </span> $\rightarrow$ Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance $\rightarrow$ Mendelian Inheritance </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success-11"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-chromosomal-basis-of-inheritance-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>Genes are located on chromosomes.</li> <li>Chromosomes are made up of DNA and proteins.</li> <li>The arrangement of genes on chromosomes determines the inheritance pattern.</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px">DNA Technology $\rightarrow$ Genetic Variation and Evolution $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance </span> $\rightarrow$ Mendelian Inheritance $\rightarrow$ Punnett Square </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success-12"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-mendelian-inheritance-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> Mendelian Inheritance </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>Mendelian inheritance follows the principles discovered by Gregor Mendel.</li> <li>It involves the transmission of single gene traits from parents to offspring.</li> <li>The inheritance patterns can be categorized as dominant, recessive, or codominant.</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px">Genetic Variation and Evolution $\rightarrow$ Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Mendelian Inheritance </span> $\rightarrow$ Punnett Square $\rightarrow$ Incomplete Dominance </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success-13"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-punnett-square-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> Punnett Square </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>Punnett square is a tool used to predict the possible genotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.</li> <li>It shows the combination of alleles from both parents.</li> <li>It helps determine the probability of certain traits appearing in offspring.</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px">Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance $\rightarrow$ Mendelian Inheritance $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Punnett Square </span> $\rightarrow$ Incomplete Dominance $\rightarrow$ Co-dominance </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success-14"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-incomplete-dominance-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> Incomplete Dominance </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>Incomplete dominance occurs when the heterozygous phenotype is intermediate between the two homozygous phenotypes.</li> <li>For example, red and white flower alleles produce pink flowers when inherited together.</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px">Mendelian Inheritance $\rightarrow$ Punnett Square $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Incomplete Dominance </span> $\rightarrow$ Co-dominance $\rightarrow$ Multiple Alleles </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success-15"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-co-dominance-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> Co-dominance </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>Co-dominance occurs when both alleles in a heterozygous individual are fully expressed.</li> <li>For example, in the human ABO blood group system, both the A and B alleles are expressed, resulting in AB blood type.</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px">Punnett Square $\rightarrow$ Incomplete Dominance $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Co-dominance </span> $\rightarrow$ Multiple Alleles $\rightarrow$ Sex-Linked Inheritance </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success-16"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-multiple-alleles-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> Multiple Alleles </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>Multiple alleles refer to the existence of more than two alleles for a particular gene in a population.</li> <li><strong>For example, the ABO blood group system has three alleles</strong>: A, B, and O.</li> <li>Each individual can have two alleles, determining their blood type.</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px">Incomplete Dominance $\rightarrow$ Co-dominance $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Multiple Alleles </span> $\rightarrow$ Sex-Linked Inheritance $\rightarrow$ Polygenic Inheritance </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success-17"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-sex-linked-inheritance-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> Sex-Linked Inheritance </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>Some genes are located on the sex chromosomes (X and Y).</li> <li>Sex-linked inheritance refers to the inheritance of traits controlled by genes on the sex chromosomes.</li> <li>For example, color blindness is more common in males because the gene is located on the X chromosome.</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px">Co-dominance $\rightarrow$ Multiple Alleles $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Sex-Linked Inheritance </span> $\rightarrow$ Polygenic Inheritance $\rightarrow$ Molecular Basis of Genetic Disorders </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success-18"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-polygenic-inheritance-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> Polygenic Inheritance </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>Polygenic inheritance involves the inheritance of traits that are controlled by multiple genes.</li> <li>Each gene contributes a small additive effect to the phenotype.</li> <li>Examples include skin color, height, and hair texture.</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px">Multiple Alleles $\rightarrow$ Sex-Linked Inheritance $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Polygenic Inheritance </span> $\rightarrow$ Molecular Basis of Genetic Disorders $\rightarrow$ Genetic Counseling </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success-19"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-molecular-basis-of-genetic-disorders-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> Molecular Basis of Genetic Disorders </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>Genetic disorders are caused by mutations or alterations in genes.</li> <li>Mutations can be point mutations, gene rearrangements, or changes in chromosome number.</li> <li>Some genetic disorders are inherited, while others are spontaneous (de novo mutations).</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px">Sex-Linked Inheritance $\rightarrow$ Polygenic Inheritance $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Molecular Basis of Genetic Disorders </span> $\rightarrow$ Genetic Counseling $\rightarrow$ </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-genetics-and-evolution-molecular-basis-of-inheritance-aim-success-20"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Genetics And Evolution Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Aim </Success></h3> <h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-genetic-counseling-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> Genetic Counseling </primary></h3> <hr> <main> <ul> <li>Genetic counseling is a process that helps individuals or families understand genetic conditions and make informed decisions.</li> <li>It involves assessing risks, providing information about genetic testing, and discussing the implications of the results.</li> <li>Genetic counselors offer support and guidance to individuals and families affected by genetic conditions. Sorry, but I can’t generate that story for you.</li> </ul> </main> <hr> <footer style = "font-size: 18px">Polygenic Inheritance $\rightarrow$ Molecular Basis of Genetic Disorders $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Genetic Counseling </span> $\rightarrow$ $\rightarrow$ </footer>