Biomolecules - Reducing And Non-Reducing Sugars

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<h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-reducing-and-non-reducing-sugars-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> REDUCING AND NON-REDUCING SUGARS </primary></h3>
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<ul>
<li>A reducing sugar is a sugar that can reduce other substances through a chemical reaction</li>
<li>It has a free aldehyde or ketone functional group</li>
<li>Examples of reducing sugars include glucose, fructose, and maltose</li>
<li>Non-reducing sugars do not have a free aldehyde or ketone group</li>
<li>They cannot undergo the same chemical reaction to reduce other substances</li>
<li>Examples of non-reducing sugars include sucrose and lactose</li>
</ul>
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<footer style = "font-size: 18px"> $\rightarrow$  $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> REDUCING AND NON-REDUCING SUGARS </span> $\rightarrow$ Examples of Reducing Sugars $\rightarrow$ Examples of Non-Reducing Sugars </footer>

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<h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-functions-of-carbohydrates-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> Functions of Carbohydrates </primary></h3>
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<ul>
<li><strong>Energy Source</strong>
<ul>
<li>Carbohydrates are the primary source of energy for living organisms</li>
<li>Glucose is the most commonly used carbohydrate for energy production</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Structural Roles</strong>
<ul>
<li>Carbohydrates play a key structural role in cells and tissues</li>
<li>Examples include cellulose in plant cell walls and chitin in the exoskeleton of insects</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Cell-Cell Communication</strong>
<ul>
<li>Carbohydrates on the surface of cells play a role in cell-cell recognition and communication</li>
<li>They help in immune responses, tissue development, and cell signaling</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Storage of Energy</strong>
<ul>
<li>Carbohydrates are stored in the form of glycogen in animals and starch in plants</li>
<li>These storage forms can be broken down to release glucose when needed</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
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<footer style = "font-size: 18px">Ring Structure $\rightarrow$ Alpha and Beta Forms $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Functions of Carbohydrates </span> $\rightarrow$ Carbohydrate Derivatives $\rightarrow$ Glycosides </footer>

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<h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-carbohydrates-in-daily-life-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> Carbohydrates in Daily Life </primary></h3>
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<ul>
<li><strong>Food and Nutrition</strong>
<ul>
<li>Carbohydrates are an important part of our diet</li>
<li>They provide energy and are found in foods like fruits, vegetables, grains, and dairy products</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Food Additives</strong>
<ul>
<li>Carbohydrates are used as food additives for various purposes</li>
<li>Examples include stabilizers, thickeners, and sweeteners</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Industrial Uses</strong>
<ul>
<li>Carbohydrates have industrial applications, such as in the production of biofuels and bioplastics</li>
<li>They are also used in fermentation processes to produce ethanol and other chemicals</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Pharmaceutical Industry</strong>
<ul>
<li>Carbohydrates play a role in drug delivery and formulation in the pharmaceutical industry</li>
<li>They can be used as excipients, stabilizers, or carriers for drug molecules</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
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<footer style = "font-size: 18px">Glycolipids $\rightarrow$ Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Carbohydrates in Daily Life </span> $\rightarrow$ Biomolecules - REDUCING AND NON-REDUCING SUGARS $\rightarrow$ Examples of Reducing Sugars </footer>

<h3 id="success-stylefont-size25px-biomolecules-reducing-and-non-reducing-sugars-success-23"><Success style="font-size:25px"> Biomolecules Reducing And Non Reducing Sugars </Success></h3>
<h3 id="primary-stylefont-size24px-biomolecules---reducing-and-non-reducing-sugars-primary"><primary style="font-size:24px"> Biomolecules - REDUCING AND NON-REDUCING SUGARS </primary></h3>
<hr>
<main>
<ul>
<li>A reducing sugar is a sugar that can reduce other substances through a chemical reaction</li>
<li>It has a free aldehyde or ketone functional group</li>
<li>Examples include glucose, fructose, and maltose</li>
<li>Non-reducing sugars do not have a free aldehyde or ketone group</li>
<li>They cannot undergo the same chemical reaction to reduce other substances</li>
<li>Examples include sucrose and lactose</li>
</ul>
</main>
<hr>
<footer style = "font-size: 18px">Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids $\rightarrow$ Carbohydrates in Daily Life $\rightarrow$ <span style = "color:blue"> Biomolecules - REDUCING AND NON-REDUCING SUGARS </span> $\rightarrow$ Examples of Reducing Sugars $\rightarrow$ Examples of Non-Reducing Sugars </footer>