Ecology-Biodiversity and Conservation - In situ Conservation Methods

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Slide 1

• Introduction to in situ conservation methods
• In situ conservation aims to protect species in their natural habitat
• It ensures preservation of biodiversity and ecosystem integrity
• Examples: National parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves

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Slide 2

• National parks: large areas designated for conservation
• Strict regulations on human activities
• Protection of wildlife, vegetation, and natural resources
• Examples: Jim Corbett National Park, Kaziranga National Park

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Slide 3

• Wildlife sanctuaries: protected areas for specific animal species
• Limited human intervention, allowing natural processes to occur
• Provide habitats for breeding, migration, and survival
• Examples: Ranthambore Wildlife Sanctuary, Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary

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Slide 4

• Biosphere reserves: diverse ecosystems for conservation and sustainable development
• Core area, buffer zone, and transition zone
• Conservation of genetic diversity, species, and ecosystems
• Examples: Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve

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Slide 5

• Habitat preservation: conserving specific habitats for species
• Protecting forests, wetlands, grasslands, coral reefs, etc.
• Restoration of degraded or destroyed habitats
• Example: Great Barrier Reef Marine Park

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Slide 6

• Seed banks: storing genetic material of plants
• Protecting from extinction and loss of genetic diversity
• Reserves for future re-introductions or crop breeding
• Example: Svalbard Global Seed Vault

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Slide 7

• Gene banks: preserving genetic material of animals
• Conservation of endangered and important breeds/species
• Assisting in disease research and genetic studies
• Example: San Diego Zoo Frozen Zoo

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Slide 8

• Captive breeding: raising and breeding endangered species in captivity
• Releasing offspring back into the wild
• Increasing population numbers and genetic diversity
• Example: Giant Panda Breeding Center, China

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Slide 9

• Community reserves: conservation involving local communities
• Traditional knowledge and practices for sustainable resource use
• Recognizing the rights of indigenous people
• Examples: Kanyakumari Community Reserve, Bhitarkanika Community Reserve

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Slide 10

• Conservation of migratory species: protecting migration routes and habitats
• Flyways and stopover sites critical for migration
• International cooperation and agreements
• Examples: Amur Falcon Conservation Program, Arctic Migratory Bird Initiative

Slide 11

• Conservation of keystone species: crucial for ecosystem functioning
• Protecting species with disproportionate impact on the ecosystem
• Example: Sea otters in kelp forests, beavers in wetlands

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Slide 12

• Protected area management: implementing rules and regulations
• Monitoring species populations and habitat conditions
• Balancing conservation with sustainable human activities
• Example: Kruger National Park, South Africa

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Slide 13

• Ecotourism: promoting conservation through responsible tourism
• Generating income for local communities and conservation efforts
• Minimizing environmental impact and raising awareness
• Example: Galapagos Islands, Costa Rica’s Monteverde Cloud Forest

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Slide 14

• Conservation through education and awareness
• Promoting understanding and appreciation of biodiversity
• Conservation campaigns, workshops, and outreach programs
• Example: World Wildlife Fund (WWF), Earth Day Network

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Slide 15

• Legislation and policies for conservation
• Laws protecting endangered species and habitats
• International conventions and agreements
• Example: Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), Endangered Species Act (ESA)

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Slide 16

• Conservation genetics: using genetic techniques for conservation
• Assessing genetic diversity and population structure
• Identifying vulnerable populations and assisting in breeding programs
• Example: DNA barcoding, genetic rescue

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Slide 17

• Conservation of marine ecosystems: protecting oceans and marine life
• Marine protected areas and sustainable fishing practices
• Addressing issues like overfishing and coral reef degradation
• Example: Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, Marine Stewardship Council (MSC)

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Slide 18

• Conservation of forests: protecting vital habitats and ecosystem services
• Sustainable forest management and reforestation programs
• Combating deforestation and illegal logging
• Example: Amazon Rainforest Conservation Program, REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation)

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Slide 19

• Conservation of freshwater ecosystems: protecting rivers, lakes, and wetlands
• Water pollution control and restoration efforts
• Balancing water use for human needs and maintaining ecosystem health
• Example: Ramsar Convention on Wetlands, Everglades Restoration Project

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Slide 20

• Conservation challenges and future prospects
• Climate change and its impacts on biodiversity
• Technological advancements aiding conservation efforts
• Collaboration and international cooperation
• Example: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Global Biodiversity Outlook

Slide 21

• Conservation of grasslands and savannahs: preserving unique ecosystems
• Balancing sustainable grazing and habitat protection
• Example: Serengeti National Park, South African Grasslands

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Slide 22

• Conservation of desert ecosystems: protecting desert biodiversity
• Addressing desertification and habitat destruction
• Example: Namib-Naukluft National Park, Arabian Desert Conservation Program

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Slide 23

• Conservation of mountain ecosystems: preserving fragile habitats
• Balancing human activities and protection of endemic species
• Example: Himalayan Mountain Initiative, Rocky Mountain National Park

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Slide 24

• Conservation of freshwater ecosystems: protecting rivers, lakes, and wetlands
• Water pollution control and restoration efforts
• Balancing water use for human needs and maintaining ecosystem health
• Example: Ramsar Convention on Wetlands, Everglades Restoration Project

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Slide 25

• Conservation of marine ecosystems: protecting oceans and marine life
• Marine protected areas and sustainable fishing practices
• Addressing issues like overfishing and coral reef degradation
• Example: Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, Marine Stewardship Council (MSC)

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Slide 26

• Conservation of coastal ecosystems: preserving coastal habitats and biodiversity
• Coastal zone management and protection of mangroves and seagrass beds
• Addressing coastal development and pollution
• Example: Sundarbans National Park, Gulf of California Conservation Program

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Slide 27

• Conservation of wetlands: protecting important habitats and water resources
• Maintaining water quality and preventing wetland degradation
• Restoring degraded wetlands and their ecological functions
• Example: Everglades National Park, Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve

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Slide 28

• Conservation of cultural heritage sites: preserving natural and cultural values
• Protection of historical and archaeological sites
• Example: Machu Picchu, Pyramids of Giza

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Slide 29

• Challenges in in situ conservation
• Habitat loss and fragmentation
• Climate change and its impacts on ecosystems
• Illegal wildlife trade and poaching
• Lack of awareness and inadequate funding
• Example: Deforestation in the Amazon, Rhino poaching in Africa

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Slide 30

• Future prospects in in situ conservation
• Use of advanced technologies like remote sensing and DNA analysis
• Collaborative efforts among countries and organizations
• Promoting sustainable development and conservation
• Example: Satellite monitoring of deforestation, Global Conservation Fund