Chapter 9 Part 5: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

<div style='text-align : center'>
<Success><font size="5"><b>Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production</b></font></Success>
</div>
<h4 id="primaryshort-answer-types-questionsprimary-2"><Primary>Short Answer Types Questions</Primary></h4>
<hr>
<div class="text-container">
<font size ="6">
<p><strong>Ans.</strong> Maize, wheat, rice, bathua, spinach, pulses have biofortified varieties.</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Maize hybrids have twice the amount of amino acids, fortified wheat variety has high protein content, fortified rice has high quantity of iron.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Consumption of such biofortified foods will enrich the nutritive value of our common foods and will vastly improve public health.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p>
</font>
</div>
<hr>
<font size ="4">
<div style='text-align : center'>
Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Short answer type questions</span> $\rightarrow$ Long answer type questions
</div>
</font>

<div style='text-align : center'>
<Success><font size="5"><b>Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production</b></font></Success>
</div>
<h4 id="primarylong-answer-types-questionsprimary-2"><Primary>Long Answer Types Questions</Primary></h4>
<hr>
<div class="text-container">
<p><strong>Ans.</strong> Plant breeding programmes are carried out in a systematic way world wide-in government institutions and commercial companies.</p>
<ul>
<li>The main steps in breeding a new genetic variety of a crop are</li>
</ul>
<p>(i)<strong>Collection of Variability</strong> Genetic variability is the root of any breeding programme.</p>
<ul>
<li>In many crops pre-existing genetic variability is available from wild relatives of the crop.</li>
</ul>
<p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p>
</font>
</div>
<hr>
<font size ="4">
<div style='text-align : center'>
Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span>
</div>
</font>

<div style='text-align : center'>
<Success><font size="5"><b>Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production</b></font></Success>
</div>
<h4 id="primarylong-answer-types-questionsprimary-3"><Primary>Long Answer Types Questions</Primary></h4>
<hr>
<div class="text-container">
<font size ="6">
<ul>
<li>
<p>Collection and preservation of all the different wild varieties, species and relatives of the cultivated species (followed by their evaluation for their characteristics) is a pre-requisite for effective exploitation of natural genes available in the populations.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The entire collection (of plants/seeds) having all the diverse alleles for all genes in a given crop is called germplasm collection.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p>
</font>
</div>
<hr>
<font size ="4">
<div style='text-align : center'>
Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span>
</div>
</font>

<div style='text-align : center'>
<Success><font size="5"><b>Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production</b></font></Success>
</div>
<h4 id="primarylong-answer-types-questionsprimary-10"><Primary>Long Answer Types Questions</Primary></h4>
<hr>
<div class="text-container">
<p>(v) <strong>Testing, Release and Commercialisation of New Cultivars</strong> The newly selected lines are evaluated for their yield and other agronomic traits of quality, disease resistance, etc.</p>
<ul>
<li>This evaluation is done by growing these in the research fields and recording their performance under ideal fertiliser application, irrigation and other crop management practices.</li>
</ul>
<p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p>
</font>
</div>
<hr>
<font size ="4">
<div style='text-align : center'>
Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span>
</div>
</font>

<div style='text-align : center'>
<Success><font size="5"><b>Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production</b></font></Success>
</div>
<h4 id="primarylong-answer-types-questionsprimary-11"><Primary>Long Answer Types Questions</Primary></h4>
<hr>
<div class="text-container">
<font size ="6">
<ul>
<li>
<p>The evaluation in research fields is followed by testing the materials in farmers’ fields, for at least three growing seasons at several locations in the country, representing all the agroclimatic zones when the crop is usually grown.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The material is evaluated in comparison to the best available local crop.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>After evaluation the variety can be relased for the farmers.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</font>
</div>
<hr>
<font size ="4">
<div style='text-align : center'>
Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span>
</div>
</font>

<div style='text-align : center'>
<Success><font size="5"><b>Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production</b></font></Success>
</div>
<h4 id="primarylong-answer-types-questionsprimary-14"><Primary>Long Answer Types Questions</Primary></h4>
<hr>
<div class="text-container">
<font size ="6">
<ul>
<li>
<p>Microbes are being grown on an industrial scale as a source of good protein.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Microbes like Spirulina can be grown easily on materials like wastewater from potato processing plants (containing starch), straw, molasses, animal manure and even sewage, to produce large quantities and can serve as food rich in protein, minerals, fats, carbohydrate and vitamins.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Such utilisation also reduces the environmental pollution.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</font>
</div>
<hr>
<font size ="4">
<div style='text-align : center'>
Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span>
</div>
</font>

<div style='text-align : center'>
<Success><font size="5"><b>Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production</b></font></Success>
</div>
<h4 id="primarylong-answer-types-questionsprimary-33"><Primary>Long Answer Types Questions</Primary></h4>
<hr>
<div class="text-container">
<p><strong>Ans.</strong> <strong>(a)</strong> It is possible to induce mutations artificially in plants through use of chemicals or radiations (like gamma radiations), and then selecting and using those plants that have the desirable character as a source in breeding.</p>
<ul>
<li>This process is called mutation breeding.</li>
<li>In mung bean, resistance to yellow mosaic virus and powdery mildew was induced by mutations.</li>
</ul>
<p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p>
</font>
</div>
<hr>
<font size ="4">
<div style='text-align : center'>
Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span>
</div>
</font>