Chapter 8 Part 5: Human Health and Diseases

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<Success><font size="5"><b>Human Health and Diseases</b></font></Success>
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<h4 id="primaryshort-answer-type-questionsprimary-8"><Primary>Short Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4>
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<th style="text-align:left">Cancer cell</th>
<th style="text-align:left">Normal cell</th>
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<td style="text-align:left">Cancer cells divide in an uncontrolled manner.</td>
<td style="text-align:left">Normal cells divide in a controlled manner.</td>
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<td style="text-align:left">The cells do not show contact inhibition.</td>
<td style="text-align:left">The cells show contact inhibition.</td>
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<td style="text-align:left">Life span is indefinite.</td>
<td style="text-align:left">Life span is definite.</td>
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Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Short answer type questions</span> $\rightarrow$ Long answer type questions
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<Success><font size="5"><b>Human Health and Diseases</b></font></Success>
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<h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-6"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4>
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<p><strong>Advantages of Urban (city) Life</strong></p>
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<p>The city life is more comfortable as there are lot of facilities in the city.</p>
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<p>There are more opportunities for people to progress their lives and they have more opportunities for making money.</p>
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<p>Children living in the city can get a good education, in the town than in the village.</p>
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<p>When a person falls ill, there are good government and private hospital in the city to get treatment.</p>
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<p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p>
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Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span>
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<Success><font size="5"><b>Human Health and Diseases</b></font></Success>
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<h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-7"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4>
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<p>There are large shopping complexes, banks, offices, cinemas, clubs, hospitals, etc., in and around the city for recreations.</p>
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<p>People in the city have better transport facilities than the village.</p>
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<p>There is electricity, highway, communication, telecommunication, plumb facilities in the city.</p>
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<p>So, people can lead a comfortable and enjoyable life in the city.</p>
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<p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p>
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Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span>
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<Success><font size="5"><b>Human Health and Diseases</b></font></Success>
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<h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-8"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4>
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<p><strong>Disadvantages of Urban (city) Life</strong></p>
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<p>Although living in the city has many advantages there are some disadvantages too.</p>
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<p>The cost of living is very high in the city.</p>
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<p>Goods are expensive, no fresh air and pure water is present.</p>
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<p>The environment is polluted with dust, smoke, garbage and gases from factories.</p>
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<p>Most of the people who live in the city are corrupted, so there are lots of crimes in the city Many thefts and murders often take place in the city.</p>
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<p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p>
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Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span>
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<Success><font size="5"><b>Human Health and Diseases</b></font></Success>
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<h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-13"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4>
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<p><strong>Disadvantages of Rural (village) Life</strong></p>
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<p>People living in rural area have to face many problems like lack of good education, proper medical facilities, transportation, electricity, telecommunication, etc.</p>
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<p>Life style affects human health and cause many diseases due to specific food habits, work related posture or exposure to harmful radiation or substances, lack of physical exercise, mental stress, etc.</p>
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<p>Some life style diseases are cancer, alcoholism, heart diseases, etc.</p>
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Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span>
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<Success><font size="5"><b>Human Health and Diseases</b></font></Success>
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<h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-22"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4>
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<p>(i) <strong>Avoid Undue Peer Pressure</strong> Every person has his/her own choice and personality, which should be kept in mind.</p>
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<li>So he/she should not be pressed unduly to do beyond his/her capacities, in work condition and other in social get together or activities.</li>
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<p>(ii) <strong>Education and Counselling</strong> Helps to overcome the problems, like stresses, disappointments and failure in life.</p>
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<li>One should utilise a himself/herself energy in some beneficial activities like sports, music, reading, yoga and other extra curricular activities.</li>
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<p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p>
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Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span>
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<Success><font size="5"><b>Human Health and Diseases</b></font></Success>
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<h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-36"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4>
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<li>This project deals with the ways to fight poliomyelitis through a large scale immunisation programme, co-operating with various international institutions, state governments and Non-Governmental Organisations.</li>
<li>In 1995, following the polio eradication initiative of World Health Organisation (1988), India launched Pulse Polio Immunisation Program along with Universal Immunisation Program which aimed at $100    \%$ coverage.</li>
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<p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p>
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Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span>
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<Success><font size="5"><b>Human Health and Diseases</b></font></Success>
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<h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-38"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4>
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<p><strong>Oral Polio Vaccine</strong></p>
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<p>Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) is a live-attenuated vaccine, produced by the passage of the virus through non-human cells at a sub-physiological temperature, which produces spontaneous mutations in the viral genome.</p>
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<p>OPV also proved to be superior in administration, eliminating the need for sterile syringes and making the vaccine more suitable for mass vaccination campaigns.</p>
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<p>OPV also provides long lasting immunity than the salk vaccine.</p>
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<p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p>
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Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span>
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<Success><font size="5"><b>Human Health and Diseases</b></font></Success>
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<h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-43"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4>
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<p><strong>Ans.</strong> Recombinant DNA vaccines are made up of a small circular DNA (plasmid) that has very tiny piece of pathogen DNA incorporated in it to produce one or two specific proteins of the pathogen.</p>
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<li>This recombinant DNA is introduced in to the bacteria or yeast cells, where it can use cell’s machinery to produce polypeptides of pathogen.</li>
<li>These are used as vaccine to trigger a range of immune responses.</li>
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<p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p>
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<div style='text-align : center'>
Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span>
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