Chapter 3 Part 4: Human Reproduction

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<Success><font size="5"><b>Human Reproduction</b></font></Success>
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<h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-5"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4>
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<p><strong>Luteal Phase</strong> (16-28 days)</p>
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<p>In absence of fertilisation corpus luteum secretes progesterone.</p>
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<p>Endometrium Thickens and uterine glands become secretary.</p>
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<p>The menstrual cycle starts with the menstrual phase, when menstrual flow occurs and it lasts for 3-5 days.</p>
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<p>It results due to breakdown of endometrial lining of the uterus and its blood vessels.</p>
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<p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p>
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Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span>
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<Success><font size="5"><b>Human Reproduction</b></font></Success>
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<h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-6"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4>
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<p><strong>Follicular Phase</strong> The menstrual phase is followed by the follicular phase.</p>
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<p>During this phase, the primary follicles in the ovary grow to become a fully mature Graafian follicle and simultaneously the endometrium of uterus regenerates through proliferation.</p>
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<p>These changes in the ovary and the uterus are induced by changes in the levels of pituitary and ovarian hormones.</p>
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<p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p>
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Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span>
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<Success><font size="5"><b>Human Reproduction</b></font></Success>
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<h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-9"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4>
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<li>Rapid secretion of $\mathrm{LH}$ leading to its maximum level during the mid-cycle called $\mathrm{LH}$ surge induces rupture of Graafian follicle and thereby the release of ovum (ovulation).</li>
<li>The ovulation (ovulatory phase) is followed by the luteal phase during which the remaining parts of the Graafian follicle transform as the corpus luteum.</li>
<li>The corpus luteum secretes large amounts of progesterone which is essential for maintenance of the endometrium.</li>
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<p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p>
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Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span>
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<Success><font size="5"><b>Human Reproduction</b></font></Success>
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<h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-12"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4>
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<p><strong>Ans.</strong> Oogenesis is different from that of spermatogenesis in the following aspects</p>
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<th style="text-align:left">Spermatogenesis</th>
<th style="text-align:left">Oogenesis</th>
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<td style="text-align:left">Sperm generation starts at puberty.</td>
<td style="text-align:left">Oocytes generated before birth.</td>
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<td style="text-align:left">Many millions generated at a time.</td>
<td style="text-align:left">Only one matures at a time, every month.</td>
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<p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p>
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Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span>
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<Success><font size="5"><b>Human Reproduction</b></font></Success>
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<h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-13"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4>
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<th style="text-align:left">Spermatogenesis</th>
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<td style="text-align:left">After two complete meiotic divisions, four equal sized cells produced.</td>
<td style="text-align:left">Meiosis-l get arrested at prophase-I and when completed at later stage, one big cell with almost all the cytoplasmand three very small sized cells produced.</td>
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<p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p>
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Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span>
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<Success><font size="5"><b>Human Reproduction</b></font></Success>
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<h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-16"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4>
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<li><strong>Reasons</strong></li>
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<p>(i) Unequal cell division makes the ovum much larger than the other three polar bodies.</p>
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<li>Because ovum has more cytoplasm and more organelles, it has a better chance of surviving.</li>
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<p>(ii) The male makes millions of tiny sperms while, the female makes only one egg per month that also waits for second meiotic division, until just before fertilisation.</p>
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<li>This is a way of conserving energy.</li>
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<p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p>
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Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span>
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