<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> </div>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-1"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>Ques.</strong> A patient is suffering from ADA deficiency.</p> <ul> <li>Can he be cured? How?</li> </ul> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-2"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>Thinking Process</strong></p> <ul> <li>A patient suffering from ADA deficiency can be cured by using ‘gene therapy’.</li> <li>Gene therapy is a collection of methods that allows the correction of a gene defect that has been diagnosed in a child/embryo.</li> </ul> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-3"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <font size ="6"> <p><strong>Ans.</strong> ADA enzyme is crucial for the immune system to function.</p> <ul> <li> <p>Deletion of the gene for adenosine deaminase results into ADA deficiency.</p> </li> <li> <p>In some children, ADA deficiency can be cured by bone-marrow transplantation, while in others it can be treated by enzyme replacement therapy, in which functional ADA is given to the patient by injection.</p> </li> <li> <p>But the problem with both of these approaches is that they are not completely curative.</p> </li> </ul> <p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-4"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <ul> <li> <p>It may recurrent in nature as in the process of gene therapy, lymphocytes used are found not to be immortal in nature and the patient requires a periodic infusion of such genetically engineered lymphocytes.</p> </li> <li> <p>For permanent cure, gene isolated from the bone-marrow cells producing ADA is introduced into cells at early embryonic stages.</p> </li> </ul> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-5"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>Ques.</strong> Define transgenic animals.</p> <ul> <li>Explain in detail any four areas where they can be utilised.</li> </ul> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-6"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>Ans.</strong> Animals that have had their DNA manipulated to possess and express an extra (foreign) gene are known as transgenic animals.</p> <ul> <li>Following are the four main areas where they can be utilised</li> </ul> <p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-7"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p>(i) <strong>To Study Normal Physiology and Development</strong></p> <ul> <li>These animals can be used to study that which factor/gene products are needed at what time of development.</li> <li>By the expression of certain genes, they help scientists to understand the normal gene expression at various stages of growth and development.</li> </ul> <p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-8"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p>(ii) <strong>Study of Diseases</strong></p> <ul> <li>Transgenic animals can be created to serve as models for various human diseases.</li> <li>They also help us to understand the involvement of various genes in diseases like cancer, Parkinson’ disease etc.</li> </ul> <p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-9"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p>(iii) <strong>Vaccine Safety</strong></p> <ul> <li>Transgenic animals can be used to test vaccines like polio vaccine.</li> <li>Transgenic mice have shown promising results in this area and would replace the vaccine testing on monkeys in the years to come.</li> </ul> <p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-10"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p>(iv) <strong>Chemical Safety Testing</strong></p> <ul> <li>Transgenic animals are created which are more sensitive to certain chemicals/drugs.</li> <li>These are used to study the toxicity or side effects of that chemical/drug.</li> <li>The advantage is that we get results faster.</li> </ul> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-11"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>Ques.</strong> You have identified a useful gene in bacteria.</p> <ul> <li>Make a flow chart of the steps that you would follow to transfer this gene to a plant.</li> </ul> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-12"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>Ans.</strong> After identifying a useful gene in bacteria, following steps should be followed</p> <p>(i) Isolation of useful gene using restriction endonucleases</p> <p>$\downarrow$</p> <p>(ii) Transferring the gene to a suitable vector to create a recombinant DNA molecule</p> <p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-13"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p>$\downarrow$</p> <p>(iii) Transfer of these recombinant DNA molecules to the target cells.</p> <p>$\downarrow$</p> <p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-14"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p>(iv) Screening of cells for transformation</p> <p>$\downarrow$</p> <p>(v) Selection of transformed cells</p> <p>$\downarrow$</p> <p>(vi) Regeneration of plants from the transformed cells to get transgenic plants.</p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-15"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>Ques.</strong> Highlight five areas where biotechnology has influenced our lives.</p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-16"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>Ans.</strong> Biotechnology has influenced our lives in the following ways</p> <p>(i) It has provided us with genetically modified crops of better quality and high nutritive value.</p> <p>(ii) It has made better and safer recombinant vaccines available to the human.</p> <p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-17"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p>(iii) It has helped to develop transgenic animals that can produce human proteins.</p> <p>(iv) It has enabled the cure of genetic diseases using gene therapy.</p> <p>(v) Environment pollution has also been taken care of with the help of genetically engineered microbes.</p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-18"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>Ques.</strong> What are the various advantages of using genetically modified plants to increase the overall yield of the crop?</p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-19"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>Ans.</strong> Genetically modified plants have been useful in many ways as follows</p> <p>(i) These plants are more tolerant to abiotic stresses (cold, drought, salt, heat).</p> <p>(ii) They have reduced the reliance on chemical pesticides (pest-resistant crops).</p> <p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-20"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p>(iii) They helped to reduce post harvest losses.</p> <p>(iv) They increases the efficiency of mineral usage by plants (this prevents early exhaustion of fertility of soil).</p> <p>(v) Enhanced nutritional value of food, e.g., vitamin-A enriched rice.</p> <p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-21"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <ul> <li>In addition to these uses, GM plants have been used to create tailor-made plants to supply alternative resources to industries, in the form of starches, fuels and pharmaceuticals.</li> </ul> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-22"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>Ques.</strong> Explain with the help of one example how genetically modified plants can</p> <p>(a) Reduce usage of chemical pesticides. <br> (b) Enhance nutritional value of food crops.</p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-23"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>Ans.</strong> <strong>(a)</strong> Genetically modified plants can reduce the usage of chemical pesticides by introducing pest resistant plants.</p> <ul> <li>E.g., There are several nematodes that parasitie, a wide variety of plants and animals including human beings.</li> <li>A nematode Meloidogyne incognita infects the roots of tobacco plants and causes a great reduction in yield.</li> </ul> <p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-24"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <font size ="6"> <ul> <li> <p>A novel strategy was adopted to prevent this infestation which was based on the process of <strong>RNA interference</strong> (RNAi).</p> </li> <li> <p>Using Agrobacterium vectors, nematode-specific genes were introduced into the host plant.</p> </li> <li> <p>The introduction of DNA was such that it produced both sense and antisense RNA in the host cells.</p> </li> </ul> <p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-25"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <ul> <li>These two RNA’s being complementary to each other formed a double stranded RNA that initiated RNAi and thus, silenced the specific mRNA of the nematode.</li> <li>The consequence was that the parasite could not survive in a transgenic host expressing specific interfering RNA.</li> </ul> <p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-26"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>(b)</strong> Genetically modified plants can enhance nutritional value of food crops.</p> <ul> <li>E.g., ‘Golden rice’ developed at Swiss Federal Institute of technology is an example of nutritionally modified crop.</li> <li>It is rich in vitamin-A ( $\beta$-carotene).</li> <li>The rice grains are golden-yellow in colour.</li> </ul> <p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-27"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <ul> <li>It contains ‘beta-carotene’ gene from daffodil plant and also from some bacteria.</li> <li>Golden rice can prevent child blindness which is caused due to the deficiency of vitamin-A.</li> </ul> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-28"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>Ques.</strong> List the disadvantages of insulin obtained from the pancreas of slaughtered cows and pigs.</p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-29"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>Ans.</strong> The disadvantages of insulin obtained from the pancreas of slaughtered cows and pigs are</p> <p>(i) Insulin being a hormone is produced in very little amounts in the body.</p> <ul> <li>Hence, a large number of animals need to be sacrificed for obtaining small quantities of insulin.</li> <li>This makes the cost of insulin very high (Demand being many fold higher than supply).</li> </ul> <p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-30"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p>(ii) Slaughtering of animals is not ethical.</p> <p>(iii) There is a potential of immune response in humans against the administered insulin which is derived from animals.</p> <p>(iv) There is possibility of slaughtered animals being infested with some infectious microorganism which may contaminate insulin.</p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-31"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>Ques.</strong> List the advantages of recombinant insulin.</p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-32"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>Ans.</strong> The advantages of recombinant insulin are</p> <p>(i) There is no need of animals to be sacrificed for the production of recombinant insulin.</p> <p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-33"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p>(ii) Recombinant insulin was not found allergic to patients, while the insulin from an animal source caused some patients to develop allergy or other types of reactions to the foreign protein.</p> <p>(iii) The cost of recombinant insulin is not very high.</p> <ul> <li>(Supply being many fold higher than demand).</li> </ul> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-34"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>Ques.</strong> What is meant by the term biopesticide? Name and explain the mode of action of a popular biopesticide.</p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-35"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>Ans.</strong> Biopesticide is a pesticide which is</p> <p>(i) Not chemical in nature.</p> <p>(ii) More specific in action against the pest.</p> <p>(iii) Safer for environment than chemical pesticides.</p> <p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-36"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <ul> <li>A popularly known bio-pesticide is $B t$ toxin, which is produced by a bacterium called Bacillus thuringiensis.</li> <li>Bt toxin gene has been cloned from this bacterium and expressed in plants.</li> <li>$B t$ toxin protein when ingested by the insect, gets converted to its active form due to the alkaline $\mathrm{pH}$ of the gut.</li> </ul> <p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-37"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <ul> <li>The activated toxin binds to the surface of midgut epithelial cells and create pores that causes swelling and lysis of the cell and eventually kills the insect.</li> </ul> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-38"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>Ques.</strong> Name the five key tools for accomplishing the tasks of recombinant DNA technology.</p> <ul> <li>Also mention the functions of each tool.</li> </ul> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-39"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p><strong>Ans.</strong> The key tools for accomplishing the tasks of recombinant DNA technology with their functions are mentioned below</p> <p>(i) <strong>Restriction endonucleases</strong> for cutting the desired DNA at desired places.</p> <p>(ii) <strong>Gel electrophoresis</strong> for separating the desired DNA fragments.</p> <p><Success>Ans. to be continued</Success></p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>

<div style='text-align : center'> <Success><font size="5"><b>Biotechnology and Its Applications</b></font></Success> </div> <h4 id="primarylong-answer-type-questionsprimary-40"><Primary>Long Answer Type Questions</Primary></h4> <hr> <div class="text-container"> <p>(iii) <strong>Ligase enzyme</strong> for creating recombinant DNA molecule.</p> <p>(iv) <strong>DNA delivery</strong> system like electroporation, microinjection, gene gun method, etc.</p> <p>(v) <strong>Competant host</strong> (usually bacteria/yeast) to take up the recombinant DNA.</p> </font> </div> <hr> <font size ="4"> <div style='text-align : center'> Multiple choice questions (MCQs) $\rightarrow$ Very short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ Short answer type questions $\rightarrow$ <span style="color:blue">Long answer type questions</span> </div> </font>