याद रखने योग्य अवधारणाएँ और फॉर्मूला
| Characteristic | Amphibia | Reptilia | Aves | Mammalia |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Temperature | Cold-blooded (ectothermic) | Cold-blooded (ectothermic) | Warm-blooded (endothermic) | Warm-blooded (endothermic) |
| Skin | Moist and permeable | Dry, scaly | Feathers | Hair or fur |
| Respiration | Gills (larval), Lungs (adult) | Lungs | Lungs | Lungs |
| Habitat | Dual life (aquatic and terrestrial) | Primarily terrestrial | Diverse habitats | Diverse habitats |
| Reproduction | Lay eggs | Mostly lay eggs | Lay eggs | Give birth to live young |
| Special Features | Metamorphosis | Scales | Feathers for flight | Mammary glands, pinna, hairs |
| Examples | Frogs, toads, salamanders, newts | Snakes, lizards, turtles, crocodiles, tuatara | Sparrows, eagles, penguins, ostriches | Humans, dogs, cats, elephants, dolphins |
