याद रखने योग्य अवधारणाएँ और फॉर्मूला
Phylum Chordata: Represents the third-largest and most diverse phylum in the animal kingdom, encompassing all vertebrates and chordates.
Class Cyclostomata (Lamprey and Hagfish): Provides insights into the evolutionary history of vertebrates with primitive features and unique parasitic feeding habits.
Class Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous Fishes): Contributes to our understanding of cartilaginous skeletons, predatory adaptations, and aquatic biodiversity.
Class Osteichthyes (Bony Fishes): Offers knowledge about bony endoskeletons, buoyancy control, diverse habitats, and economic significance in aquaculture and fisheries.
