5 Common Eye Infections to be Aware of During Monsoon

As the monsoon season arrives, it brings not only pleasant weather but also a surge in various diseases, including eye infections. This period is particularly conducive to the spread of eye-related ailments due to increased humidity and exposure to contaminated water.

Historical Context

Historically, the monsoon season in South Asia has been associated with a rise in waterborne and vector-borne diseases. The increased moisture and stagnant water create ideal breeding grounds for bacteria and viruses, leading to a spike in infections. Understanding the historical patterns of disease outbreaks during monsoon can help in better preparation and prevention.

Common Eye Infections During Monsoon

1. Viral Conjunctivitis (Eye Flu)

   • Description: Inflammation of the thin membrane lining the inner surface of the eyelids and the white part of the eyeball.
   • Symptoms: Itching, light sensitivity, watery discharge, and redness of the eyelids.
   • Contagion: Highly contagious, can spread through direct contact with an infected person.

2. Dry Eyes

   • Description: Occurs when there is insufficient production of liquid tears (aqueous fluid).
   • Causes: Poor blinking habits, prolonged screen time.
   • Medical Term: Kerato-conjunctivitis.

3. Corneal Ulcer

   • Description: An open sore on the cornea, primarily caused by infection.
   • Symptoms: Red, watery, and bloodshot eye; severe pain; pus or other discharge.
   • Risks: Can lead to vision loss and blindness if untreated.

4. Stye

   • Description: A bacterial infection involving one or more small glands near the base of the eyelashes.
   • Symptoms: Appears as a lump on the eyelid.
   • Prevalence: Extremely common during the monsoon season.

5. Trachoma

   • Description: Caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis.
   • Impact: Responsible for blindness in approximately 1.9 million people globally.
   • Transmission: Spread through direct contact or via towels and flies that have touched the eyes or nose of an infected person.

How to Protect Your Eyes During Monsoon

• Wash your hands thoroughly before touching your eyes.
• Avoid touching your eyes with dirty hands.
• Refrain from rubbing your eyes frequently.
• Do not share contact lenses.
• Use protective glasses while swimming or when exposed to wind.
• Avoid swimming pools during the rainy season.

Summary

• Viral Conjunctivitis: Highly contagious, causes itching and redness.
• Dry Eyes: Insufficient tear production, linked to poor blinking habits.
• Corneal Ulcer: Open sore on the cornea, can lead to blindness.
• Stye: Bacterial infection, appears as a lump on the eyelid.
• Trachoma: Bacterial infection, major cause of blindness globally.
• Prevention Tips: Maintain hand hygiene, avoid touching eyes, use protective eyewear, and avoid swimming pools during monsoon.

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